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A case history is described involving microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of AISI Type 304L stainless steel piping failure after being in contact with untreated stagnant, low chloride potable water for nine months. Specialized microbiological analysis techniques, including scanning electron and optical cmicroscopy, were used in the failure analysis.
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Corrosion and structural deterioration due to microbiologically influenced sulfate reduction and hydrogen sulfide gas oxidation to sulfuric acid are responsible for much of the expense related to santiatry sewage collection systems. This paper explains the mechanism of this biologically induced corrosion, its consequence, and methods to mediate it.
An analytical approach that can discriminate between various forms of microscopic corrosion initiation has been employed in natural gas gathering and storage facilities. Information provided by the analysis of electron microscope coupons has led toward the better understanding and diagnosis of the initial stages of internal corrosion in natural gas gathering and storage facilities.
A laboratory flow loop is used to evaluate the ability of an on-line, electrochemical, biofilm-activity probe to monitor biofilm activity in synthetic oilfield brine and correlate its activity to localized pitting corrosion. In addition, bio-traps containing porous polymer beads for trapping biomass are evaluated as a rapid means to evaluate biofilm community structure.
Performance of formulations of antifouling coatings to protect carbon steel from effects of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and marine biofouling in a tropical harbor seawater was assessed by field and laboratory experiments. • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). • Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). • X-ray diffraction (XRD). • Seawater immersion.
Rare corrosion failures of stainless steel are reviewed in the paper. The cases originate from low chloride waters like potable water or fresh water in the temperature range of 15-25°C. Under such conditions full resistance of austenitic stainless steel like AISI 316 is usually expected.
Field observations and laboratory test results for several different fire sprinkler failure investigations conducted in the past several years in a variety of locations across the US. Field experience with assessment data, basis for diagnosis, mitigation and rehabilitation recommendations to prevent recurrence are presented.
The Thunder Horse project’s sub-sea flow-lines were installed in 6,000’ water depths and filled with chemically treated seawater. After 2 years, investigations were done to determine continued effectiveness of the chemical treatments.
Superduplex stainless steels have been used in seawater systems since 1986 as castings and since 1990 as wrought product. The present paper describes some of the service environments commonly in use and the conditions that give rise to specific operating potentials. The limits of use under these conditions are described utilizing both laboratory and service experience.
Microbiologically influenced corrosion has been attributed to the activity of sulfate reducing and acid producing bacteria. Advances in DNA isolation and sequencing have revealed that these classes of bacteria often represent only a small portion of the corrosive microbial population present in the oil and gas environment.
Refining industry cooling systems are prone to many different corrosion deterioration mechanisms one of which is microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The study resulted in the development of a comprehensive control and monitoring plan to safeguard the integrity of the system.
As part of a project to develop a database of seawater corrosion resistance including resistance to microbiologically-influenced corrosion (MIC) seawater, MIC exposure tests of five stainless steel alloys were undertaken for three and six month durations.