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Preliminary Results from the NIST Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility

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The Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility is equipped with 3 high-temperature, high-pressure vessels and a gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) for simultaneous in situ monitoring of key contaminants. This paper outlines the capabilities of this new National Institute of Standards and Technology facility.

 

Product Number: 51317--9454-SG
ISBN: 9454 2017 CP
Author: Brandi Clark
Publication Date: 2017
Industry: Corrosion Monitoring and Control
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and sequestration has been hailed by some as the “critical enabling technology” needed to reconcile climate-change-driven reductions in CO2 emissions with the use of fossil fuels to meet increasing energy demands. However transporting large quantities of CO2 would require a pipeline network the size of the existing natural gas network and a similar level of regulation. Unlike CO2 currently transported for EOR anthropogenic CO2 is expected to contain corrosive contaminants associated with energy production (e.g. H2O SOx NOx H2S). In order to successfully transport large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 the level of contaminant removal needed for pipeline safety and integrity will need to be balanced against the cost of CO2 purification. Gaps in the existing literature demonstrate a need for systematic investigation (through improved metrology) of the effect of expected contaminants on corrosion rate to inform pipeline design decisions. To address this issue NIST has constructed a supercritical CO2 corrosion test facility. The facility is equipped with 3 high-temperature high-pressure vessels and gas-phase FTIR for simultaneous in situ monitoring of key contaminants. This paper will outline the capabilities of the new NIST facility describe our corrosion test method and report preliminary corrosion test results.

Key words: carbon dioxide corrosion, sweet corrosion, supercritical carbon dioxide, carbon capture and storage, CCS, CCTS, pipeline corrosion

Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and sequestration has been hailed by some as the “critical enabling technology” needed to reconcile climate-change-driven reductions in CO2 emissions with the use of fossil fuels to meet increasing energy demands. However transporting large quantities of CO2 would require a pipeline network the size of the existing natural gas network and a similar level of regulation. Unlike CO2 currently transported for EOR anthropogenic CO2 is expected to contain corrosive contaminants associated with energy production (e.g. H2O SOx NOx H2S). In order to successfully transport large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 the level of contaminant removal needed for pipeline safety and integrity will need to be balanced against the cost of CO2 purification. Gaps in the existing literature demonstrate a need for systematic investigation (through improved metrology) of the effect of expected contaminants on corrosion rate to inform pipeline design decisions. To address this issue NIST has constructed a supercritical CO2 corrosion test facility. The facility is equipped with 3 high-temperature high-pressure vessels and gas-phase FTIR for simultaneous in situ monitoring of key contaminants. This paper will outline the capabilities of the new NIST facility describe our corrosion test method and report preliminary corrosion test results.

Key words: carbon dioxide corrosion, sweet corrosion, supercritical carbon dioxide, carbon capture and storage, CCS, CCTS, pipeline corrosion

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