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Picture for Autonomous Healing of Smart Coating Materials for Corrosion Protection of Oil and Gas Assets
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Autonomous Healing of Smart Coating Materials for Corrosion Protection of Oil and Gas Assets

Product Number: 51324-20901-SG
Author: Norfadilah Dolmat; Azmi Mohammed Nor; Mohd Shamsul Farid Samsudin; Russel Varley; Jane Zhang
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Most assets in the oil and gas sector that use metal substrates e.g., pipe supports, or structures are susceptible to corrosion problems primarily because of continual exposure of damaged areas to severe environmental conditions. The proliferation and merging of corrosion issues can cause catastrophic failure of materials, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the materials. To avoid these issues, it is crucial to protect the scratch or minor crack area as quickly as possible so that it does not spread too far. In this case, self-healing as a smart material can be applied to the coating system to repair coating damage instantaneously. Self-healing works in multiple functions where it can be used to protect against corrosion and at the same time heal the damaged area itself. In this research, the experimental work includes boronic ester (BE) and polyurethane (PU) synthesis, BE-PU coating specimen preparation, characterization and performance analysis. BE was introduced in the polyurethane (PU) and applied as an additional coating layer to the existing coating system according to PETRONAS technical standard (PTS) requirement with a thickness of approximately 300-400 µm. The healing performance of the scribed coating at room and 60°C with 80% humidity level was initially evaluated using 3D profilometer microscopy and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Corrosion resistance performance was evaluated by performing long term 3000 hours salt spray and 4200 hours cyclic UV. The mechanical performance or compatibility of the self-healing with current coating system was also assessed using a pull-off adhesion test and abrasion test. The assessment of the scratched BE-PU self-healing using 3D profilometer microscopy demonstrated remarkable healing efficiency of more than 85% and has corrosion resistance performance through salt spray and cyclic UV test. In addition, BE-PU self-healing showed significant adhesion efficiency with more than 300 psi and abrasion performance.
Picture for Avoid Potential Repeated Failure (Cracked Gas Compressor line) Through Proper Material Assessment
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Avoid Potential Repeated Failure (Cracked Gas Compressor line) Through Proper Material Assessment

Product Number: MPWT19-14239
Author: Ahmed Elsharkawi, Amro Hassanein
Publication Date: 2019
$0.00

The heat treatment condition of industrial materials is a critical parameter for material evaluation and its fitness for intended service. Proper heat treatment will produce desired mechanical and physical properties, while absence or improper heat treatment may lead to major failure with huge production, Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) impacts. We hereby explain an actual case for cracked gas compressor (CGC) 5th stage discharge line caustic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) that caused unplanned plant shut down and resulted in noticed financial and production loss.
The proven root cause is absence of normalization. Emergency piping batch is received and supposed to be normalized to avoid failure recurrence. Many discrepancies extracted from submitted material certificates, also many physical signs observed on the material itself raising doubts about received material compatibility. Using advanced Positive Material Identification (PMI) device to verify the chemical composition of the received material, results show that the material is questionable.
As a precise test to verify heat treatment condition, microstructure analysis test (metallography) conducted to confirm normalization condition of the material, the resulted grain structure size and growth confirm that one of the received pipes has improper or absence of normalization.
The material rejected as it is proven and confirmed that it is not normalized as per the requirements to avoid further potential of hydrocarbon leakage due to improper material specification. Rejecting the material eliminate the potential of having repeated failure, in addition to 600,000 Saudi Riyal (SR) cost saving as material cost. A common recommendation shared with concerned parties to consider metallography as a mandatory test to be submitted with heat-treated material test certificate (MTC).
Key words: Heat treatment, microstructure, normalization, grain structure, failure, metallography

Picture for Biocide Resistance in Microbes – An Oilfield Example
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Biocide Resistance in Microbes – An Oilfield Example

Product Number: 51323-19122-SG
Author: Nazima Habibi, Saif Uddin, Abdul Hameed Al-Hashem, Anisha Shajan, Nasreem Abdul Razzack, Farhana Zakir
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00