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Corrosion Under Pipe Supports - Beyond Simply Inspection

Product Number: 51322-18155-SG

Author: Connor Tiegs

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Petrochemical facilities and refineries consist of many miles of above ground piping that transports product between processing and storage units. These pipes are either supported at ground level or in multi-story pipe racks on varying types and sizes of supporting structures. A common problem these structures create is corrosion and erosion at the junction between the pipe and the support, which reduces the remaining wall thickness of the pipe and compromises the integrity of the entire system.

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Corrosion-Induced Hydrogen Entry to Steel and a Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement

Product Number: 51323-19560-SG

Author: Darya Rudomilova, Gerald H. Luckeneder, Tomáš Prošek, Josef Faderl, Andreas Muhr

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Hydrogen embrittlement is a process that results in a decrease of the ductility of metals as a result of absorbed hydrogen. Advanced high-strength steels used in the automotive industry are materials that are considered prone to hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen can enter the material during steelmaking or processing steps, such as pickling, cleaning, phosphating, and electroplating.

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Corrosivity Laboratory Investigations Of Streams Associated With Gas Compression Plants And Liquid Separation Stations

Product Number: 51322-17911-SG

Author: Yahya T. AlJanabi

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The design packages are being optimized for the construction of gas transmission lines associated with nine (9) Gas Compression Plants (GCPs) and six (6) Liquid Separation Stations (LSSs). The objective of this study was to assess the service corrosivity of all gas transmission lines associated with these GCPs and LSSs. The results of the study will assist in selecting a cost-effective and efficient corrosion management program in terms of both materials and corrosion control options. To address this objective, the study involved conducting laboratory tests simulating the conditions in these lines. Three types of corrosion attacks were investigated, namely, general corrosion, pitting corrosion, and gas phase corrosion.

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Cost of Corrosion Model for Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) Program Scoping and Optimization

Product Number: MECC23-20377-SG

Author: Muhammad Zaid Kamardin, Muhammad Afiq Mansor, Hambali Chik, Azniza Azmy

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a form of corrosion resulting from water trapped under insulation. CUI is a main asset integrity threat to many processing facilities. CUI damage is not readily identifiable and hidden underneath the insulation.

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Cost-effective Optimization of Midstream Pipeline Corrosion Management with Advanced Technologies

Product Number: 51324-21193-SG

Author: Pankaj Tandon

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Midstream pipeline integrity teams face ongoing challenges due to corrosion and deteriorating conditions, which can impact transmission infrastructure reliability. Adhering to regulations and maintaining operational continuity requires operators to adopt advanced technologies to maximize outcomes. This paper highlights the application of Praemia™ Inc. software as a robust tool for planning and monitoring integrity management activities, more specifically threats such as internal and external corrosion and SCC. The software utilizes powerful analytics to incorporate threat-specific assessment and risk analysis, focusing on optimizing budgeting and prioritizing mitigation measures, evaluating repair vs. replace options and ultimately enhancing decision-making. Additionally, the paper showcases the practical implementation of AI technologies in midstream pipeline corrosion management. Real-world examples and case studies illustrate the benefits of technology-driven solutions, empowering operators to proactively manage corrosion. Join us to explore how advanced technologies revolutionize midstream pipeline corrosion management, ensuring long-term integrity while optimizing operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

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Could This Nobel Prize Winning Technology Generate a "New Class of Material" for the Coating Industry?

Product Number: 51324-20687-SG

Author: Jeremy Daum; Ilhan Ulkem; Andrew Recker

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Grubbs catalysts and ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) have been explored to develop a new class of material for the coating industry. In this study, ROMP has been successfully utilized to obtain 100 % solids, fast reacting polymeric networks. Products rapidly exhibited higher Tg and Shore D hardness values compared to other coating resins like epoxies. They also exhibited superior hydrophobicity behavior compared to the industry standards with much lower hysteresis and almost no water absorption upon immersion into water. When carefully formulated, these materials have also been found to be resistant to high temperatures at a level that could compete with low end of the TSA (thermally sprayed aluminum) products.

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Crack Growth Behaviour Of Cobalt Based Alloy In High Temperature Water

Product Number: ED22-17294-SG

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Co-based alloy (30Cr-4W-Bal.Co), such as Stellite TM grade 6 (UNS No. ERCOCr-A) valve seat, is used extensively in applications where superior resistance to wear corrosion are required. But there are only rare data about crack growth behavior of the alloy in the high temperature water. It is difficult to extract specimen from as welded Stellite-6, because of the valve sheet did not have enough volume. So, to evaluate the crack growth behavior and its temperature dependence, crack growth rate measurements were performed using forged Co-based alloy bar (Stellite TM grade 6B) (UNS No. R30016) in a simulated PWR primary water at temperature ranging from 250 to 320°C using half-inch size compact tension specimens (1/2TCT).

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Crack Growth Rate Testing Of Alloy 82 In BWR Environments

Product Number: ED22-17295-SG

Author: Johan Stjärnsäter, Katsuhiko Kumagai

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The nickel base weld metal Alloy 82 is used in various applications in boiling water reactors (BWRs). Applications that are vital from a safety point of view are e.g., welds between core shroud support legs and the reactor pressure vessel (RPV), and feedwater nozzle to safe end welds. Laboratory testing and service history have shown that Alloy 82 is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in BWR environments. However, in comparison with Alloy 182, fewer failure cases have been reported, which could be related to the higher Cr content in Alloy 82 (~ 15 vs. ~ 20 %). It is also possible that the higher frequency of SCC in Alloy 182 is related to the wider use of this weld metal, and the larger surface area exposed to reactor water. Given the lower frequency of failures in Alloy 82, the database regarding SCC in BWR environments is much larger for Alloy 182.

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Crack Initiation Testing of Neutron-irradiated Type 347 Stainless Steel in Simulated PWR with LiOH or KOH

Product Number: ED22-17414-SG

Author: Michael Ickes, Lijin Dong, Abdullah Sinjlawi, Gary Was

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The immediate objective of this experiment is to investigate the IASCC initiation behavior of Type 347 stainless steel in lithium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide water chemistries across a range of irradiation damage and stress levels. A further objective is to provide data supporting improved predictive capabilities of IASCC failures by assessing the radiation dose dependence of IASCC initiation. In power plant components like the baffle-former bolts, the crack initiation step of IASCC is the rate limiting step, taking much longer than crack propagation as a fraction of time to failure. The results of this study will also be directly beneficial to the U.S. nuclear industry by providing an understanding of IASCC susceptibility in potassium hydroxide water chemistry, which may provide cost savings and more secure supply chains to nuclear power plants.

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Cracked High Pressure Steam Superheater Alloy 800 Piping Of A Thermal Oxidizer From A Gas Plant SRU

Product Number: 51322-17922-SG

Author: Yousif A. Al Rabie, Iyad Al-Buraiki

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is one of the most widely used inorganic chemicals in water treatment process. Improper injection rate or concentration have led to many failures in the industry. These failures have been mostly identified as Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC).

Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (CSCC) is a form of Environment Assisted Cracking (EAC), characterized by surface-initiated cracks that occur in materials exposed to caustic environment. EAC is defined as a cracking process caused by the synergistic effects of stress, and environment on a specific material. All three factors–stress, aggressive environment, and susceptible material are necessary for EAC. The environment aggressiveness escalates with increase of caustic concentration and metal temperature, in case of CSCC.

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Cracking Behavior Of Decommissioned Baffle Plates In Light Water Reactor Environment

Product Number: ED22-17301-SG

Author: Yiren Chen, Bogdan Alexandreanu, Appajosula S. Rao

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Most of the core internal components of light water reactors (LWRs) are made of austenitic stainless steels (SSs). Exposed to fast neutron irradiation, reactor core internal components are vulnerable to irradiation-induced or irradiation-enhanced degradations. At LWR-relevant temperatures and irradiation doses, significant microstructural and microchemical changes can take place in SSs, leading to deteriorated mechanical and corrosion properties.

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Creating Chemical Adhesion During Surface Preparation

Product Number: 51323-19535-SG

Author: Loren L. Hatle

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Historically the focus has been on the adverse anions (chlorides, sulfates nitrates) with little attention
Aggregated FeS and ionically bonded FeCl2 is a pervasive, difficult, and high-liability issue for pipeline,
petrochemical, power, shipping, and other industries. Situational variations (meteorological, geographical,
seasonal, etc.) can confound conventionally specified surface preparation attempts to achieve perfect or
near-perfect metal cleanliness, thus reducing expected coating life by 30 to 75 percent. Because
conventional surface preparation processes have historically been unable to adequately relieve
microcontamination of metal surfaces, organizations have settled for an uneasy balance between economic
and physical feasibilities that exclude the possibility of achieving ideal surface preparation outcomes and
rely more heavily upon barrier coatings to supply needed corrosion control.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance