AMPP Store - AMPP Conference Papers

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Characterization Of The Surface Chemistry At Corroded And Non-Corroded Sites On Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 Samples Exposed At Coastal Locations

Product Number: 51322-17642-SG

Author: Douglas C. Hansen, David Borth, Farrah Cole

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Knowledge of the localized corrosion environment on a metal substrate can provide the critical link between atmospheric data and corrosion morphology and can enable the formation of a framework to predict service life as a function of environment. Over the last few decades the analytical characterization of bare metal surfaces undergoing atmospheric corrosion has improved, resulting in a more complete understanding and consideration of the environmental parameters involved. However, the corrosion processes and the role that the environmental parameters play in what is a multiphase system is rather complex involving chemical reactions and equilibria, ionic transport phenomena, and gaseous, aqueous and solid phases.

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Characterizing Corrosion On AA-7075 Through Alternative Cleaning Methods And Optical Profilometry

Product Number: 51322-17579-SG

Author: Steven Kopitzke, Karla De Jesus Santiago, Rachel Black

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Measuring the severity of corrosion on a specific alloy is often accomplished via mass loss using ASTM G-1. These processes work well and provide high fidelity data for many materials, especially steels. However, recent internal findings and disclosures from other research groups have highlighted a potential issue with using mass loss techniques to measure the damage on some aluminum alloy surfaces.

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Characterizing Properties and Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Alloy 718 via Additive Manufacturing

Product Number: 51323-19117-SG

Author: Karthik Krishnan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

UNS N07718 (Alloy 718) is a precipitation-hardened Nickel alloy widely used for various components in oil and gas production service where a combination of high strength, good cracking and corrosion resistance is needed. API 6ACRA provides heat treatment windows and acceptance criteria for wrought Alloy 718 in these oil and gas production environments, in which the heat treatment is intended to obtain high strength desired for applications in combination with good environmental performance.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is increasingly becoming a source of design, fabrication of complex components where machining from wrought material would be very cumbersome or introduced complicated welding processes.

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Characterizing the Evolution of Iron Carbonate in a Demanding CO2 Environment Using a Combined Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Linear Polarization Resistance Approach

Product Number: 51323-19278-SG

Author: Robert Jacklin, Joshua Owen, Danny Burkle, Richard C. Woollam, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Carbon steel exposed to aqueous CO2 environments can be conducive to the formation of naturally protective corrosion products, namely iron carbonate (FeCO3). Understanding how FeCO3 develops across a range of conditions is a critical step in enabling the optimization of corrosion products as a natural form of corrosion mitigation. To date, most studies investigating FeCO3 development focus on near-neutral pH solutions conducive to fast precipitation while test pressures are generally atmospheric to simplify in situ electrochemical measurements.

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Charpy Impact Requirements for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Wells Using CRA Alloys

Product Number: 51324-20629-SG

Author: Bostjan Bezensek; Willem Maarten van Haaften; Brian Chambers; Hisashi Amaya; Yuji Arai

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This paper presents the second part of the collaborative study on the qualification of carbon steel and CRA material grades for CCS wells injection service following AMPP2023 publication C2023-18760 for CO2 injection casing. In this paper the focus is on the CRA alloy tubing for CO2 injection. The Charpy impact testing and fracture mechanics CTOD testing was performed on representative high strength 25Cr CRA alloys of 80 ksi and 125 ksi grades to provide data for validation of the BS 7910 Annex J Master curve procedure for converting Charpy impact values to fracture toughness. The study showed that BS 7910 Annex J Master curve model can be applied to high strength OCTG 25Cr CRA grades. An example case study is presented for an injection tubing showing that the API 5CRA requirements for Group 2 materials appear to be sufficient for the accidental load scenarios considered in CO2 injection well design.

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Chemical & Enhanced Preservation Methodologies Endeavors To Maintain The Integrity Of Joint Operation (JO) Surface Facilities

Product Number: 51322-18106-SG

Author: A/Rahman Al-Ghamdi, Tariq Kamshad, Mohamed M. Farah, Hamad Al-Ajmi, Bakheet Al-Yami, Hossam Mesbah

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The Wafra Joint Operation (WJO) Oilfield is located in the central-west part of the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone. The Wafra oilfield reserves were first discovered and wells drilled in 1954. This field produces two types of crude oil, Ratawi (light oil) and Eocene (heavy oil), with average water cut of 8085%. During operation, the production wells produce the oil emulsion through mostly coated flowlines to sub-centres (SC) where the sour oil, water and gas are separated. The facility has two gathering fields; Eocene and Ratawi. Eocene has 2 phase separation, whilst Ratawi has 3 phase separation. The sour gas is either flared or flows to the Main Power Generation Plant, whilst the oil is processed to the Main Gathering Center (MGC). The produced waters (PW) are routed to the Pressure Maintenance Plant (PMP).

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Chemical & Enhanced Preservation Methodologies to Maintain the Integrity of Joint Operation (JO) Surface Facilities

Product Number: 51323-18792-SG

Author: A/Rahman Al-Ghamdi, Hamad Al-Ajmi, Tariq Kamshad, Bakheet Al-Yami, Mohamed M. Farah, Hossam Mesbah

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The Wafra Joint Operation (WJO) Oilfield is located in the central-west part of the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone. The Wafra oilfield reserves were first discovered and wells drilled in 1953 and production in commercial quantities began in 1954. This field produces two types of crude oil, Ratawi (light oil) and Eocene (heavy oil), with average water cut of 80-85%. During operation, the production wells produce the oil emulsion through mostly coated flowlines to sub-centres (SC) where the sour oil, water and gas are separated. The facility has two gathering fields: Eocene and Ratawi. Eocene has 2 phase separation, whilst Ratawi has 3 phase separation.

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Chemical Mitigation Of Alkaline Carbonate Stress Corrosion Cracking

Product Number: 51322-18160-SG

Author: Maria D. Marquez, Philip Thornthwaite, John N. Scholz, Oussama Zenasni

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Organic corrosion inhibitors (CI) have widespread use in the crude oil refining industry for corrosion protection and mitigation.¹ An effective corrosion inhibitor is a chemical substance that is applied in low concentration into a stream which suppresses or mitigates a corrosion mechanism.^,2,3,4 Inhibitors can be classified into two classes: adsorption or film-forming with organic inhibitors falling under the adsorption class. In this type of inhibitor a self-assembled structure is formed, where an array of hydrocarbon tails extend away from the metal surface and the polar groups (e.g., N in amines) chemisorb onto the metal surface.² Over the years, certain classes of inhibitors have been established as industry standards to confront specific corrosion mechanisms encountered throughout the refinery process. Examples include, filming and neutralizing amines used in crude units to combat aqueous corrosion; polysulfides used in FCCU to combat hydrogen blistering, cracking and embrittlement; P-based chemistries to combat naphthenic acid corrosion.⁵

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Chemical Prevention of Corrosion-Induced Premature Well Failures Using a Novel Lubricity Mitigation Strategy

Product Number: 51323-18939-SG

Author: Jason Kisel, Leanne Seher, Garett Heath, Temi Okesanya

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The production of hydrocarbons from a reservoir involves the drilling and interaction of a well with a reservoir, which initiates the natural flow of the hydrocarbons from the virgin reservoir to the surface. However, as production continues, the reservoir pressure is depleted, which results in a reduction of the hydrocarbon production rate due to reservoir maturity. This is usually accompanied by increased water-cut levels and a corresponding decrease in gas production, which may not only reduce but completely stop the flow of fluids from a well.

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Chemical Resistance Of Epoxy Coatings In High Temperature And High Pressure And Aggressive Service Conditions.

Product Number: 51322-18028-SG

Author: Sudhir Ananthachar, Michael Cook

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The crude oil produced by fracking or hydraulic fracturing method are high in sulfur content (0.5%)1. The vast majority of vessels that are used in the petrochemical industry to store and transport materials are constructed using Carbon steel. Coating linings used for corrosion protection inside of vessels and tanks must perform under severe conditions such as an exposure to corrosive gasses ( H₂S) and carbon dioxide as well as high temperatures, high pressures and often must withstand the cold wall effect and rapid decompression.

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Chemical Treatment To Mitigate Polythionic Acid SCC Without A Soda-Ash Wash: Laboratory And Plant Experience

Product Number: 51322-17993-SG

Author: B.C. Rollins, K.J. Evans, N. Sutton, J. Esteban

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Different refiners have a variety of procedures in place for hydroprocessing reactor and reactor system shutdowns, depending on the scope of the work to be performed during the downtime. If activities are to be performed inside the reactor (e.g. inspection, maintenance, catalyst changeout, etc.) such that the reactor must be opened to air, shutdowns must include steps to address the various hazards. These same steps must also be applied to associated process equipment related to the reactor system susceptible to similar hazards and damage mechanisms.

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Chemistry Change Of CRUD With Various Metal Ion Concentration Conditions In PWR Fuel Cladding

Product Number: ED22-17313-SG

Author: Yunju Lee, Seung Chang Yoo, Junhyuk Ham, Daehyeon Park, Ji Hyun Kim

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Since 1960s, CRUD induced problems become an issue in PWR power plant. To enhance economic efficiency of PWR, the burn-ups of nuclear fuel have been increased. In the reactor core, some unexpected power shifts, which shows negative axial offset from prediction, have been observed. This phenomenon is called by AOA (Axial offset Anomaly) and it seems to be caused by deposits on the upper side of fuel cladding surface which is called CRUD.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance