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CFRP Reinforcement Anode For Cathodic Protection Of Steel Rebar

Product Number: 51322-17877-SG

Author: Xavier Hallopeau, Olivier Lesieutre, Camille Annede-Villeau

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Only a few researchers have studied the effect of carbon fiber repair on corrosion processes. The main protective effect is the "protective barrier" which is sometimes called passive protection against corrosion, comparable to some techniques such as anticorrosion coatings of concrete structures. Indeed, CFRP materials, applied as external reinforcing material on reinforced concrete structures form a protective barrier against the penetration of moisture and pollutants such as chlorides or carbon dioxide.^1.2.3.4.5 Apart from this impermeable barrier action, it has been found in these studies that the confinement of CFRP concrete has a positive influence on the onset of corrosion and on its velocity. Very little research has investigated the coupling between mechanical reinforcement and impressed current system.^6,7,8

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Challenges and Insights behind Qualifying a Protective Coating as a Corrosion under Insulation Preventive Coating

Product Number: 51324-20774-SG

Author: Jenny Natalie Manvik; Anders W. B. Skilbred; Sondre Volden; Svein Jacob Kaspersen

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) poses a severe threat to many industries operating at elevated temperatures. One of the most used and most cost-effective methods to mitigate and prevent CUI is by the use of organic coatings. In the last decades the importance of CUI-preventive coatings has increased greatly, and standards for testing these coatings have been published and discussed. At the end of 2018 the ISO 19277 standard was published, forming the first internationally accepted standard for testing and qualifying coating systems for CUI protection. Over the last years an extensive amount of testing has been performed to test and qualify coating systems, but also to provide insight and knowledge about the correlations and differences between various CUI test methods. In this paper, we will present a variety of test results to show how complex it is to qualify coatings to prevent CUI occurring. How do we use the library of results we now have? What does it tell us about real life? Do the various standards give the same conclusions based on the results? Some questions will be answered, and some will be left open.

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Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-18808-SG

Author: Manuel Marya, Virendra Singh, Alireza Zolfaghari

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion.

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Challenges in Microbial Monitoring of an Oil-Water Separation Facility

Product Number: MECC23-20123-SG

Author: Alexander Grigoryan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Water-handling oil producing facilities often become target for microbial contamination because treated waters are not sterile – they are inhabited by various microorganisms and contain sufficient inorganic and organic nutrients to support microbial growth. The bacterial contamination and bioburden are to extravagate easily if environmental conditions in the facilities, for instance, moderate temperature (<45C) and salinity (<50 g/l TDS), favor microorganisms. Growing bacterial population distributes along the system and forms biofilms on the surfaces of pipelines, valves, vessels, tanks, etc. Such spreading of free-floating (planktonic) and sessile (biofilm) bacteria in industrial systems is referred to as biofouling.

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Challenges Of Mitigating AC Interference Risks In A 107 Km Multi-Pipeline Corridor

Product Number: 51322-17949-SG

Author: Wolfgang Fieltsch, Paul Murray

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This case study involves an NPS 36, 107 km long pipeline (Pipeline A) installed in 2016. The subject pipeline is collocated with an NPS 30 pipeline constructed in 1999 (Pipeline B), for the entire route, and two additional pipelines near the start of its route (Pipelines C and D), all owned by the same operator.

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Changing The Landscape Of Thermal Insulation Coatings

Product Number: 51322-18201-SG

Author: Jeremy Daum, Neil Wilds

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Thermal insulation is a material that restricts the flow of heat. Heat spontaneously flows from a high temperature region to a low temperature region, and the greatest heat flow occurs through the path of least resistance. For this reason, thermal insulation is used as a barrier between two bodies at different temperatures either to reduce heat loss from the hotter body or to reduce heat entry into the cooler body.

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Characterization And Further Development Of Austenitic Stainless Steel UNS S20910 Towards New Industrial Applications

Product Number: 51322-17648-SG

Author: Clara Herrera, Merlin Seifert, Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper, Julia Ditmann

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

UNS S20910¹, also known as XM-19 by ASTM A276², is a nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Besides nitrogen (N) it also contains higher amounts of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and a similar molybdenum (Mo) content compared with UNS S31603, as well as small additions of niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V). High contents of Cr, Mo and N confer this stainless steel high localized corrosion resistance. Mo, Mn and Cr increase the nitrogen solubility in iron alloys.

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Characterization of 304 Stainless Steel Crack Tips Exhibiting High Temperature Retardation in Deaerated Water

Product Number: ED22-18392-SG

Author: Robert Morris, Tyler Moss, David Morton, Kevin Fisher

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Understanding and mitigating stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in stainless steels used in light water reactors is important, and experimental efforts to characterize this behavior have been performed over the last several decades. While SCC growth has been shown to follow an Arrhenius temperature functionality, a departure from this functionality has been observed due to high temperature SCC growth rate retardation (HTR). This paper characterizes observed trends between different cold work levels and temperature effects on cracking behavior and crack tip morphologies in 304 stainless steel.

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Characterization Of Grain Boundary Cavity Evolution During Long-Term Crack Initiation Testing Of Cold Worked Alloy 690 In Simulated PWR Primary Water

Product Number: ED22-17324-SG

Author: Ziqing Zhai, Mychailo Toloczko, Stephen Bruemmer

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Determining the resistance of high-Cr Ni-base Alloy 690 to environmental degradation during long-term pressurized water reactor (PWR) exposure is needed to confirm its viability as the replacement material for Alloy 600 and help establish a quantitative factor of improvement for stress corrosion crack (SCC) initiation. SCC initiation testing on cold-worked (CW) Alloy 600 materials in PWR primary water has demonstrated that intergranular (IG) attack is the precursor to SCC initiation in this material. In comparison, an equivalent degradation and cracking process does not exist in CW Alloy 690.

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Characterization Of Materials Showing Large Differences In IASCC Response

Product Number: ED22-18360-SG

Author: Anders Jenssen, Daniel Jädernäs, Peter Chou, Kristina Lindgren, Mattias Thuvander

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is a term used to describe cracking of austenitic materials in components subjected to a relatively high fast neutron flux. Like intergranular stress corrosion Paper No.18360 cracking (IGSCC), IASCC appears as intergranular cracks, but thermal sensitization of the grain boundaries is not required for the material to become susceptible to cracking. Service failures caused by IASCC have occurred in components such as core shrouds and top guides in boiling water reactors (BWRs) and baffle bolts in pressurized water reactors (PWRs).

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Characterization of Oxide Scales Formed on Fe-20Cr-(20-25)Ni Alloys in Supercritical CO2

Product Number: 51324-21218-SG

Author: B. A. Pint; Y.-F. Su; R. Pillai

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) has attractive aspects as a working fluid, however, above ~550°C it carburizes conventional Fe-based alloys. Evaluations of Fe-based alloys found that advanced austenitic alloys like alloy S31025 with higher Cr and Ni contents have better sCO2 compatibility than conventional stainless steels at 650°C in sCO2 for up to 2000 h exposures. To further understand the protective scale formed on alloy S31025 in 300 bar research grade sCO2 at 650°C, the thin Cr-rich scale was analyzed after 500 h using analytical transmission electron microscopy and compared to scales formed on model Fe-20Cr-20Ni and Fe-20Cr-25Ni. Typical Mn and Si rich layers were observed but a recurring observation was an O depleted region in the scales. Characterization identified a mixed O-C phase with Cr and Fe within the scale formed on both commercial and model alloys. This phase did not form after a similar 500 h exposure at 650°C in 1 bar CO2.

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Characterization of Stress-Corrosion-Cracking in Plutonium-Bearing Storage Containers

Product Number: 51324-20845-SG

Author: Emmanuel Perez; Roderick E. Fuentes; Michael J. Martínez-Rodríguez; Henry Ajo

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The Integrated Surveillance Program, under the Department of Energy, is responsible for the periodic surveillance of storage containers containing plutonium-bearing materials. The container-package consist of a stainless-steel three-layered structure with a convenience can that confines the material, and seal-welded inner and outer cans designed to isolate the materials for up to 50 years with minimal surveillance. The inner-can represents the first layer of material containment, and it should not be breached. During monitoring, corrosion-pitting and suspected stress-corrosion-cracking (SCC) has been identified in some of the inner cans near the weld regions due to the transport of chloride salts and water impurities into the space between the convenience can and the inner can. SCC through wall penetration would result in an undesired increased risk of leakage. An investigation is in progress to identify and characterize corrosion events in the inner-cans to determine the prevalence of corrosion features and the likelihood of a through-wall breach. This document presents a specimen where significant pitting corrosion and cracking was observed in and near the heat affected zone between the can and the lid. Characterization was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 3D-tomography. Tomography was carried out using a Focused Ion Beam (FIB) to mill into the surface of the specimen to map the subsurface topographies of pits and cracks. The study revealed the crack depth and secondary cracks that developed from cracks observed at the surface.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance