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Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion

Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion
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Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion.

Product Number: 51323-18808-SG
Author: Manuel Marya, Virendra Singh, Alireza Zolfaghari
Publication Date: 2023
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Over a dozen commercial and new polymer, polymer-like carbon (PLC), and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings originally developed for the Oil & Gas industry show promising characteristics against geothermal carbonate scales. This paper discusses the major findings of both (a) calcium carbonate scale tests and (b) corrosion tests at two temperatures and with multiple brines, including a carbonateforming brine and a high-chloride acidic brine. Coating performance Vs. characteristics such as thickness,
surface roughness, and water contact angles, is also investigated. In general, thin coatings (less than 5 m), whether polymer, PLC, or DLC, tend to be unfit for service due to an inadequate gas permeation
resistance, even when the coatings are applied onto corrosion-resistant substrates such as Alloy 718. In contrast, the thicker polymer and DLC coatings (e.g., ~15 m) are found to be more fit-for-service, and
more appealing when also strongly hydrophobic (i.e., with high water contact angles). This paper also shows that hydrophobicity, surface roughness, and a low carbonate scale deposition behavior are not
noticeably correlated. Importantly, when scale formation is accompanied by strong carbon-dioxide degassing (e.g., 150°C), the more gas-impervious coatings have been found to resist better blistering
and gas-induced removal or delamination. 

Over a dozen commercial and new polymer, polymer-like carbon (PLC), and diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings originally developed for the Oil & Gas industry show promising characteristics against geothermal carbonate scales. This paper discusses the major findings of both (a) calcium carbonate scale tests and (b) corrosion tests at two temperatures and with multiple brines, including a carbonateforming brine and a high-chloride acidic brine. Coating performance Vs. characteristics such as thickness,
surface roughness, and water contact angles, is also investigated. In general, thin coatings (less than 5 m), whether polymer, PLC, or DLC, tend to be unfit for service due to an inadequate gas permeation
resistance, even when the coatings are applied onto corrosion-resistant substrates such as Alloy 718. In contrast, the thicker polymer and DLC coatings (e.g., ~15 m) are found to be more fit-for-service, and
more appealing when also strongly hydrophobic (i.e., with high water contact angles). This paper also shows that hydrophobicity, surface roughness, and a low carbonate scale deposition behavior are not
noticeably correlated. Importantly, when scale formation is accompanied by strong carbon-dioxide degassing (e.g., 150°C), the more gas-impervious coatings have been found to resist better blistering
and gas-induced removal or delamination. 

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