AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'materials performance'

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Aluminum Floating Roof Damage from Hydrotesting

Product Number: 51324-20804-SG

Author: Sudhakar Mahajanam; Jane Brown; Krista Heidersbach; Lokesh Choudhary

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

During construction or refurbishment of crude oil tanks, hydrotesting is routinely performed, sometimes with an aluminum floating roof or pontoons in place. Upon occasion, damage has been sustained to the aluminum floating roofs in a relatively short period of time. Damage is commonly believed to be a result of poor water quality with bacteria or chlorides being suspected of causing the corrosion. Galvanic coupling between the roof and the carbon steel tank has also been cited as a potential contributing factor. Experiments were set up using three types of aluminum alloys: AA 3003, AA 5052-H32 and AA 6061. The objective of the study was to replicate some common field conditions and to determine which mechanism could be the primary cause of damage; chlorides, bacteria or galvanic coupling. It is possible that the damage mechanisms act in concert, creating early life damage / failures. This paper shares some details from case studies on existing tanks and the results of the lab work to help pinpoint and identify the primary cause of such failures. The goal of this project was to approach this problem holistically.

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An Environmental Performance Comparison of Premium Vs. Standard Grades Used in Non-Magnetic Drill Collars

Product Number: 51324-20685-SG

Author: Flavia Kudla; Manuel Marya

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Non-magnetic drill collar (NMDC) alloys are (Cr-Mn/Cr-Mn-Ni)-Mo-N proprietary austenitic stainless steels that meet minimum API Specification 7-1 requirements. Among NMDC alloys, a wide range of chemical compositions and environmental performance exist with similar mechanical requirements. NMDC alloy proprietary compositions may be grouped into premium and standard grades and, depending on the product and operation requirements, the drilling conditions may lean more towards one group versus the other. This paper evaluates and compares the corrosion performance of representative alloys from these two groups in terms of weight-loss corrosion, localized corrosion, and environmentally assisted cracking in two simulated drilling muds. The test program accounts for different levels of chlorides, dissolved oxygen, brine pH, and temperature, in order to reproduce corrosion in the environment(s) and temperature(s) representative of field jobs. This investigation aims to understand and identify corrosion and cracking limits of the alloys from the premium and standard groups; and consequently, provide guidance to improve operational reliability and increase NMDCs life in the field.

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Analysis of leak repair testing requirements in ASME PCC-2 and ISO 24817

Product Number: 51323-18934-SG

Author: Pedro Bordieri, Casey Whalen, Hanna Ford

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion in metallic industrial equipment, pipework, and vessels, when left unchecked, can lead to the full deterioration of wall-thickness. The presence of through-wall defects may lead to loss of production and costly shutdowns, in addition to environmental and safety hazards. One solution to this issue is the installation of a repair system using composite materials, which are durable for decades, easy to install, and a cost-effective to deploy option for bringing industrial equipment back to operation, even after a leak is detected. Internationally recognized organizations, such as ASME and ISO, set the rules for the design methodology, material testing, and training of personnel for this type of repair method.

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Composite Repairs And Cathodic Protection

Product Number: 51322-17825-SG

Author: David B. Futch, Davie Peguero, ,\Casey Whalen, Stephen Barnett

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The motivation for this work was to perform a comprehensive test program to investigate several commercially available composite repair systems and their interactions with cathodic protection. Multiple test methods were utilized to prove there remains a low probability of shielding for composites of typical thickness and in a typical environment. This work will also discuss how results from current industry qualification tests (such as those specified in ASME PCC-2) can be considered when making long-term decisions regarding the effects of cathodic protection on composite repairs and the pipelines on which they are installed. This paper provides an innovative approach to test and validate the interactions of cathodic protection with several commercially available composite repair systems.

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Correlating Service Life Modeling and Corrosion Deterioration in Industrial Marine Structures

Product Number: 51321-16382-SG

Author: Jose Pacheco

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Effect Of Deleterious Grain Boundary Phase In N07725 On HISC Resistance And Performance Of An Optimized Alloy

Product Number: 51323-19252-SG

Author: Andreas Keplinger, Greg Chitwood, Jan Platl, Marianne Kapp

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Precipitation hardened (PH) nickel-base alloys are frequently used as engineering materials in the Oil & Gas industry. They excel because of their outstanding combination of strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. In that regard, alloy N07725 is of high interest as it offers better corrosion resistance than the widely used N07718, while also offering better high temperature strength than solid-solution nickel-base alloys.

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Ensuring Additional Mechanical Protection of HDD Coatings

Product Number: 51323-19549-SG

Author: David B. Futch, Ron Raphoon

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As onshore pipeline rights-of-way become more congested and urban sprawl increases, the number of horizontal directional drills (HDDs) will likely increase. HDD is a trenchless pipeline installation method that requires drilling a larger pilot hole where the mainline pipe can be subsequently pulled through the drilled hole. However, HDDs have an increased probability for coating damage, even when coated with traditional mill or field applied abrasion resistant overcoat (ARO).

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Evaluation Of Titanium 475 Alloy For Use In Oil And Gas Environments

Product Number: 51322-17840-SG

Author: William. D. MacDonald, Mikel Hogan, Dennis Dunlap

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

ASTM Grade 29 titanium alloy (UNS R56404) has been traditionally used for oil and gas stress joints (TSJ). However, given the general difficulty of processing this type of alloy in the beta quenched condition and more recently the exorbitant increase in alloying costs due to the ruthenium, a new solution is required if titanium is to be considered for future applications. This 475 alloy was developed to meet geothermal requirements to replace Grade 29 seamless casing. The essential material properties of Grade 29 in bulk and welded condition as used for titanium stress joints were reported by Shutz et al.

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Failure of Cast Duplex Stainless Steel Valves Due to Improper Microstructure

Product Number: 51324-20759-SG

Author: K. Ravindranath; B. Al-Wakaa; A. Ali; Ahmad Al-Swaha; Salem Al-Qahtani

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Cast duplex stainless steels are popularly used in the petroleum industry due to their good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. One of the applications of cast duplex stainless steels in the petroleum industry is in the manufacture of valves in corrosive service. The good properties of duplex stainless steels are attributed to their balanced microstructure containing austenite and ferrite phases. The balanced microstructure in the duplex stainless-steel components is achieved by the optimum heat treatment and manufacturing process. Improper cooling during manufacturing or accidental exposure of the component to high temperatures can induce the precipitation of secondary phases in the microstructure of duplex stainless steel, which can seriously influence the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. The paper deals with the failure investigation of the first-generation cast duplex stainless steel valves that failed in a short duration of service. The microstructure of the failed valve was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of the microstructure on the mechanical properties was assessed by hardness measurements, tensile testing, and impact toughness testing. The study indicated that the properties of the duplex stainless-steel valves were affected due to the precipitation of secondary phases and the root cause of the failure was embrittlement caused by the precipitated secondary phases.

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Formicary Corrosion And EAC Of Copper Tubes In Contact With Building Sealant

Product Number: 51322-17846-SG

Author: Kimberly Steine

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Blue discoloration of off-white sealant in contact with copper tube at medical facilities under
construction was observed. The copper tube was being installed to transport medical-grade gasses and the sealant was used as an acoustical and smoke sealant at through-wall penetrations. In some areas of one facility, galvanized steel pipes inserts were used as sleeves for the copper pipes through the drywall, while in other areas, the copper pipe penetrated directly through the drywall. Observations of the discoloration prompted an evaluation of the copper tube, sealant, and potential adverse interactions.

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Grain Size Effect on the Creep Resistance of Alloy 800HT Pigtails

Product Number: 51324-20906-SG

Author: Jack Taylor; Victoria Hamlin; Justin Dansbury

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Advanced creep degradation was discovered in steam methane reformer (SMR) outlet pigtails during planned maintenance. The outlet pigtails were fabricated from alloy 800HT (ASTM B407 UNS N08811) which had operated within design pressure and temperature for approximately six (6) years. It is industry knowledge that there have been instances of wrought alloy 800H/HT suppliers not complying with the applicable grain size requirements of ASTM B407. Additionally, a few SMR operators use supplemental grain size requirements that are more conservative than ASTM B407. This paper will document the extent of the damage, root cause, repair, and a recommendation to API TR 942-A.

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Hydrogen Charging Of Armco Iron And L80 Steel In Various Electrolytes

Product Number: 51322-17604-SG

Author: M. Eichinger, M. Truschner, D. Zwittnig, A. Trautmann, G. Mori

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Facing the increasing industrial requirements on iron and steel products the importance of investigating hydrogen embrittlement has been rising straightly since Johnson first described the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of iron and steel in 1874⁠. Since this day a lot of effort has been done on understanding and describing the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement and how absorbed hydrogen performs in materials.

Products tagged with 'materials performance'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance