AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'ccs'

Available for download

Effect of CO in Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Product Number: 51324-20647-SG

Author: Gaoxiang (Garret) Wu; Jose Rafael Vera; Ken Evans; Chong Li; William Kovacs

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of various possible impurities in carbon capture and storage (CCS) streams. As a by-product of the methane reforming process to produce blue hydrogen, CO is combusted and converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) and transported in pipelines. However, a trace amount of CO in the presence of oxygen (O2) and water can cause stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in carbon steel pipelines. This paper assesses the SCC risk of carbon steels induced by CO at different concentrations with or without O2 in lab simulated dense phase CO2 environments. Electrochemical measurements were also conducted to reveal the pseudo-passive behavior of carbon steels in different CO/O2/CO2 systems, and to help understand the resultant SCC behaviors.

Available for download

Effect of TEG in Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Product Number: 51324-20648-SG

Author: Gaoxiang (Garret) Wu; Chong Li

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion control in CO2 pipelines for carbon capture and storage (CCS) has gained a lot of attention in the past decade. Rigorous controls have been established for water content in the CO2 stream to avoid corrosion induced by free water dropout. TEG (triethylene glycol) has been commonly used as a dehydration method for CO2 transport. It was found that TEG droplets were carried into CO2 pipelines and absorbed water from the CO2 stream. The settlement of TEG/water mixture in low spots can potentially cause corrosion. This paper investigates the effect of different TEG / water mixing ratios with or without flow on the corrosion behavior (general and localized corrosion) of carbon steel pipeline materials in simulated CCS environments. The results provide experimental data to assess corrosion-related risks due to TEG droplets carry over from gas dehydration systems into CO2 pipelines. Key words: TEG, water, CCS, corrosion, supercritical CO2 (sCO2)

Available for download

Extending Asset Lifecycle With Inspections And Maintenance

Product Number: 51322-18143-SG

Author: Tim Widing, Cortney Chalifoux

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Consistent coating inspections and planned maintenance are essential to asset integrity. Non-existent, delayed, and cursory inspections can allow premature coating breakdown, corrosion, and costly failures. On the other hand, improper maintenance can be ineffective, costly, and wasteful. The challenge involved in executing informative inspections and effective maintenance practices is identifying and understanding the numerous conditions that can contribute to a reduction in the lifecycle of an asset. This paper will discuss some of the aspects involved in identifying coating conditions that are likely to result in failures and developing cost effective coating repair strategies that will extend the life of the asset.

Available for download

Influence of the H2 Impurity on the Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture in a Dense Phase CO2 Pipeline

Product Number: 51324-20721-SG

Author: B Bezensek; S Hopkin; J Sonke; F Gui; C Taylor

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Transport of dense phase CO2 by pipelines needs to account for possible degradation mechanisms arising due to H2 impurity which can be present in (typically) the 0.75 ~ 1 mol% range depending on the specification used. H2 gas can affect fatigue and fracture properties even at low partial pressures and hence the integrity. In this study a complementary experimental and computational modeling program was undertaken. API 5L X65 grade material samples were used for comparable testing in pure H2 gas at low partial pressure H2 and in dense phase CO2 at 100 barg with H2 impurity added in a 2 mol% and 4 mol% increments (i.e. partial pressures of 2 barg and 4 barg). The test results show effect of the H2 impurity in the dense phase CO2 accelerated fatigue crack growth and reduced fracture toughness. These findings are supported by computational simulation using density functional theory and molecular dynamics. A scoping integrity assessment for a dense phase CO2 pipeline with H2 impurity at 2 mol% shows the measured accelerated fatigue crack growth only affects large pressure cycles (pressure range in excess of 70 bar for OD/WT pipelines of ~30). The fatigue life is significantly shortened compared to the pure CO2 pipeline and this is mainly driven by the reduced fracture toughness at low partial pressure H2. The fatigue damage is proportional to the maximum operating pressure (as it increases the pressure range). For a postulated 50-year design life a safe pipeline design window considering a range of conservative inputs (material properties, integrity operating window, geometry, postulated defect size etc.) a safe operating pressure of 2900 psig (200barg) was found for a new build pipeline using modern materials. For a repurposed vintage material pipeline the safe operating pressure was set at 2200 psig (150 barg). An ECA incorporating the deleterious effect of H2 should be conducted to confirm the above postulate unless the project falls within the limits of the conservative inputs (material properties, integrity operating window, geometry, postulated defect size etc.), from a fracture mechanics perspective, of the four case studies that form the basis of this overall study. Other impurities if exceeded their safe threshold may create water drop out and acid formation. It is imperative that the project specifications err on the side of caution and restrict the impurities to safe limits until further understanding of the complex interaction mechanisms is developed.

Available for download

Lab Performance Testing on Corrosion Inhibitors Under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Conditions

Product Number: 51317--9474-SG

ISBN: 9474 2017 CP

Author: Larry Chen

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper discusses the design philosophy for corrosion inhibitors used for carbon capture, transportation, and storage and the performance testing using rotating cylinder autoclave (RCA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods under CO2 supercritical conditions.

Available for download

Methodologies to Predict the Operational Limits of Nonmetallic Materials in Well Applications:The Cases of Hydrocarbon Production and Carbon Dioxide Sequestration

Product Number: MECC23-20049-SG

Author: Jushik Yun; Manuel Marya; Alireza Zolfaghari

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Nonmetallic materials (i.e., elastomers, plastics, and composites) are essential to transport and regulate flow of fluid from production sites to processing sites. In oil and gas production environments, the materials naturally encounter production liquids and gases, including natural gas (CH4, H2), crude oil, formation water, carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in addition to completion brines, organic/inorganic acids, and residual drilling muds. The selection of nonmetallic materials is critical to the structural integrity of oilfield equipment and the safety of rig workers not only in known notoriously hostile environments but also in regular oilfield operations and subsurface water and gas injection.

Available for download

Preliminary Results from the NIST Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility

Product Number: 51317--9454-SG

ISBN: 9454 2017 CP

Author: Brandi Clark

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility is equipped with 3 high-temperature, high-pressure vessels and a gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) for simultaneous in situ monitoring of key contaminants. This paper outlines the capabilities of this new National Institute of Standards and Technology facility.

Products tagged with 'ccs'

Effect of CO in Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Effect of TEG in Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Extending Asset Lifecycle With Inspections And Maintenance

Influence of the H2 Impurity on the Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture in a Dense Phase CO2 Pipeline

Lab Performance Testing on Corrosion Inhibitors Under Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Conditions

Methodologies to Predict the Operational Limits of Nonmetallic Materials in Well Applications:The Cases of Hydrocarbon Production and Carbon Dioxide Sequestration

Preliminary Results from the NIST Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility

Association for Materials Protection and Performance