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Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitor Gel Filler Retention in Shorted Casings: A Pressure Test Study

Product Number: 51324-21135-SG

Author: Juan Dominguez Olivo; Alexander Roytman; Mikhail Ivanov; Terry Natale; Yefim Vaks

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Pipelines casings regulated by PHMSA require the mitigation of shorted casings. One method that aligns with the PHMSA guidelines is the utilization of NACE SP0200. This standard recommends using a corrosion-inhibiting gel filler that transforms from the viscosity of water to a high-viscosity gel, providing effective sealing and corrosion protection. However, concerns exist regarding the potential loss of the inhibitor filler during its application. While some operators opt for pneumatic pressure tests instead of hydrotests to minimize contamination and reduce costs, the rapid loss of pressure in a pneumatic test does not equate to a rapid loss of corrosion inhibitor gel. To address this concern, a custom-designed pressure chamber was employed to simulate casing defects ranging from 5 to 13 mm in the worst-case scenario (6 o'clock position). Corrosion inhibitor gel filler was injected into the chamber and then pressurized to a maximum of 20 psia (~1.4 bar). The pressure was released through the different simulated defects and the corrosion inhibitor filler loss was recorded. The study revealed that inhibitor retention remained satisfactory. In the worst-case scenario, the maximum loss of corrosion inhibitor gel filler recorded was approximately 1 to 5% of the injected solution.

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Evaluation Of Corrosion Of Copper Drinking Water Pipes Exposed To Sulfurous Well Water And Ozone Treatment

Product Number: 51321-16875-SG

Author: Kimberly Steiner

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Evaluation Of Corrosion Pitting In A 317L Stainless Steel Surface Condenser Tube Bundle

Product Number: 51322-17564-SG

Author: Mel J. Esmacher, Edward R. Blessman, Kumar Kembaiyan

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The power plant is a natural gas-fired, combined cycle plant with three combustion turbines and a single steam turbine. A large stainless steel surface condenser is used to condense steam off of the turbine, and provide high purity steam condensate return to the boiler system. The steam condenser was put into service approximately 15 years ago. This plant takes makeup water for its open recirculating cooling tower water system from a river location that is inland from an ocean coastal area.

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Evaluation Of Corrosion Prevention And Control Programs For Reinforced Concrete Bridges In Marine Environments

Product Number: 51322-18203-SG

Author: Kingsley Lau, John Lawler, Matt Fadden

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete bridges is a major concern for the structural integrity, long-term durability, and maintenance of the highway infrastructure. Statistics from a national study in 2002 indicated that approximately 15% of the national bridge inventory is structurally deficient because of corrosion and the national annual direct cost exceeded $8 billion.1 In the state of Florida, the typical design life expectation for the >6,000 bridges in the state highway infrastructure exceed 75 years.

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Evaluation of Corrosion Risk by DC Stray Current: a Study of the EN ISO 21857 Standard Criteria

Product Number: 51324-20623-SG

Author: Clemence Rogier; Aymeric Lopitaux; Dominique Gauthier; Ahmed Fakhry; Sylvain Fontaine

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

To assess and mitigate dynamic DC stray currents occurring on cathodically protected steel pipelines, the EN ISO 21857 standard was published in 2021. In this laboratory study, X70 steel ER probes buried in artificial soils under cathodic protection were submitted to anodic direct current influences. The impact on corrosion kinetics of anodic influences conditions was evaluated: triangular vs rectangular shape, anodic current densities from 0,1 to 10 A/m2, anodic period between 5 and 1800 s, and total anodic interference duration in one day from 0,5 to 10h. Soil environments were varied as well. More than 200 different test conditions were performed to better understand the parameters leading to a loss of metal. To complete this lab scale work, 8 on-site studies were performed as well. Real corrosion kinetics measured by corrosion probes were compared to corrosion risk prediction according to the new EN ISO 21857 standard. Pertinence of the criteria was demonstrated in this experimental study. It shows that to have the most precise prediction risk, reference levels such as defined by the standard (Eref and Jref) should be determined experimentally. In those conditions, 100% of real corrosion cases were predicted as such.

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Evaluation of Corrosion Susceptibility of 304H Stainless Steel in Sulfuric Acid in Dilute Nuclear Waste Streams

Product Number: 51323-19458-SG

Author: Kathleen Sherer, Sandeep Chawla, Ken Evans, Brandon Rollins, John Beavers, Narasi Sridhar, Shawn Campbell

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The Effluent Treatment Facility (ETF) at the Hanford nuclear-waste storage facility is a waste treatment
facility permitted under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA). The facility removes radioactive and hazardous contaminants from various sources such as condensate wastewater
generated by 242-A Evaporator campaigns, groundwater projects, solid waste disposal facilities, and
other Hanford clean-up activities. The waste processed by the ETF is substantially more dilute than the
waste stored in the tanks.

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Evaluation of Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Super Austenitic (UNS N08935)

Product Number: 51324-20924-SG

Author: Luiza Esteves; Suresh Divi; Karen Picker

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

UNS N08935 is a newly developed super-austenitic alloy for use in highly corrosion wet environments with excellent corrosion resistance in chloride induce service, refineries, petrochemical, chemical plants, biofuels, and other renewable energy applications. This alloy offers higher corrosion resistance and serves a broader temperature range than duplex stainless steels and is a cost-efficient alternative to nickel-based such as UNS N06625 with similar mechanical strength and corrosion performance. The aim of this work is to compare the critical crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) of UNS N08935 with UNS S31254, UNS N08367, UNS N10276 (nickel-based alloy) conducted in a Potentiostatic test in 1 M NaCl according to ASTM G150.

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Evaluation Of Dead Leg Piping with Internal Corrosion at A Salt Dome Natural Gas Storage Facility

Product Number: 51323-19041-SG

Author: Leslie A. Ward, Len J. Krissa, Garry Matocha, Thomas Pickthall

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The essence of this paper is to talk about internal corrosion found in deadleg piping at the Enbridge Gas Transmission, & Midstream (GTM) Egan Hub Partners Storage Facility and especially how the corrosion was evaluated after the deadlegs were removed. The salt dome cavern storage facility is in south central Louisiana. The internal corrosion was found in the piping that comes from the storage caverns and goes through pressure reduction stations and then through dehydrations systems.

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Evaluation Of Girth-Welded 22Cr Duplex Stainless-Steel Piping For Susceptibility To Environmentally Assisted Cracking (EAC), Pitting, And General Corrosion In A Sour Environment

Product Number: 51321-16725-SG

Author: Jing Ning; Peter F. Ellis; Ramesh Rao; Brent Sherar

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Evaluation of Glass Reinforced Plastic for Post Combustion CO2 Capture Amine Service

Product Number: 51323-18832-SG

Author: Anupom Sabhapondit, Aruna V T, Rajiv Srinivasan, Karl Stephenne, Sukanta Ghosh

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Carbon capture and storage as well as sequestration (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been gaining immense importance in recent times as one of the practically achievable solutions to reduce global CO2 emissions, especially from industrial sources and thus reduce global warming. The use of different commercially available amine formulations is a well-established and widely used technology to capture the CO2 gas from industrial gas streams. Amines in liquid form, mostly mixed with water as well as in solid form, many times incorporated in nanomaterials are used to capture CO2 from industrial gas streams, eg., tail gas from power plants.

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Evaluation Of Hydrogen Embrittlement Of Nickel-Based Alloys In Cesium Formate With H2S/CO2

Product Number: 51322-18024-SG

Author: Xiaoji Li, Ramgopal Thodla

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Cesium formate (CsFo) brines have been used as the drilling and/or completion fluids in oil and gas wells in need of high-density fluids.^1,2 Multiple studies on corrosion of steels and corrosion resistance alloys (CRA) in formate environments have been reported in the literature.^2-8 It was known that the formate brines could undergo significant decomposition to form hydrogen when in contact with catalytic surfaces which CRA can act as. Therefore, there have been concerns that the CRA may catalyze the decomposition of formate brines to accelerate the generation of hydrogen which in turn may embrittle certain CRAs and endanger the relevant well equipment.

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Evaluation of Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of 41XX Cr-Mo steels, 13Cr Stainless Steel in High Pressure Hydrogen Environment

Product Number: 51323-18971-SG

Author: Karthik Krishnan, Shashwat Shukla, Arpana Verma

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Hydrogen gas (H2) is touted for potential as future fuel as it could be a way to convert excess energy produced when demand is lower. Depending on the source of excess energy used for conversion to Hydrogen this process could have low or no carbon footprint. This Hydrogen gas could then be stored and used for electricity, transportation, chemical processes when the demand arises similar to how natural gas is being used currently. Thus, storage of Hydrogen in vast volumes would be one of the key elements for the success of Hydrogen as a future fuel

Online Conference Paper

Association for Materials Protection and Performance