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The power plant is a natural gas-fired, combined cycle plant with three combustion turbines and a single steam turbine. A large stainless steel surface condenser is used to condense steam off of the turbine, and provide high purity steam condensate return to the boiler system. The steam condenser was put into service approximately 15 years ago. This plant takes makeup water for its open recirculating cooling tower water system from a river location that is inland from an ocean coastal area.
Despite more than 15 years of operational reliability, a 317L (UNS S31703) stainless steel steam surface condenser at a power plant in the Northeastern United States was revealed to have a significant waterside pitting corrosion problem. The pitting was identified during Eddy Current testing and verified by removing sample tubes. The severe pitting in the tubes was primarily focused at the seam weld region. Possible causative factors for the pitting attack were identified. Metallography and electrochemical testing confirmed non-optimal corrosion resistance along the original laser seam welds, as compared to the base metal. Modifications to the cooling water chemistry were instigated to reduce the severity of the pitting attack in an effort to extend the service life of the condenser bundle. Re-tubing options with alternative stainless steel alloys are also discussed.
The formation of common inorganic scales (such as BaSO4, SrSO4, CaSO4 and CaCO3) in production tubing presents a significant problem in the oil and gas industry. The mixing of incompatible waters or changes in temperature, pressure, pH or hydrodynamics of a fluid may result in scale deposition, with the potential to cause constrictions in production tubing when allowed to build up. This can lead to costly interventions that result in delayed production and loss of revenue. Therefore, an effective scale mitigation strategy is a crucial part of field development and management.
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A Saudi Aramco facility continues to serve a vital rule in the processing and export of crude oil. This facility is one of the few facilities worldwide that is considered to be fully sufficient with different processes within its boundaries. While processing hydrocarbon throughout the day, this facility also processes utilities to serve the nearby community as well as its own oper ation. The raw water that feeds the utility process arrives from a nearby fields through the 24” supply lines. These lines provide n. the subject RO plant within the utility process with the sufficient amount of water to sustain the huge magnitude of operation.
The Hanford site contains approximately 55 million gallons (2.08 x 108 liters) of radioactive and chemically hazardous wastes arising from weapons production, beginning with World War II and continuing through he Cold War era. The wastes are stored in 177 carbon steel underground storage tanks, of which 149 are single-shell tanks (SSTs) and the remaining are double-shell tanks (DSTs). Historically, tank failures have been associated with the SSTs