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Kinetic Turbidity Test Method For Scale Inhibitor Evaluation On Multifunctional Scales

Product Number: 51321-16959-SG

Author: Johnathon Brooks; Haiping Lu; Miriam Barber

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Kinetics of Iron Dissolution: A New Approach for Modeling the Anodic Potentiodynamics Based on Transient Analysis

Product Number: 51323-19073-SG

Author: Mohiedin Bagheri Hariri, Bruce Brown, Srdjan Nesic

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Although extensive research has been carried out on modeling the cathodic potentiodynamic sweep during the corrosion of iron/steel, previous studies have not been able to layout a systematic approach to mechanistically describe the kinetics and model anodic dissolution. This study offers some insights into the mechanistic modeling of electrochemical anodic reactions at different experimental conditions. For iron dissolution, there are two well-known mechanisms valid for strong acid solutions (pH ≤ 4) in the literature; namely, the “catalytic mechanism” proposed by Heusler et al., and the “consecutive mechanism” proposed by Bockris et al.

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Laboratory And Full-Scale Qualification Of An Abrasion Resistant Overcoat Wrap

Product Number: 51322-17633-SG

Author: David B. Futch, Tré Bischof, David D’Ambrosio, Chris Alexander

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

As onshore pipeline rights-of-way become more congested and urban sprawl increases, the number of horizontal directional drills (HDDs) will likely increase. HDD is a trenchless pipeline installation method that requires drilling a larger pilot hole where the mainline pipe can be subsequently pulled through the drilled hole. However, HDDs have an increased probability for coating damage, even when coated with traditional mill or field applied abrasion resistant overcoat (ARO). This coating damage includes abrasion, impact, gouging, denting, tearing, bending, etc. and that damage may exist for the life of the pipeline due to an HDD being inaccessible for future maintenance.

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Laboratory and Modeling Insights into Biocorrosion under Simulated Oil and Gas Conditions

Product Number: MECC23-19954-SG

Author: Sarah A. Aqeel; Abdulrahman Alqahtani; Layan A. AlSharif; Christian Canto Maya

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion, which is the degradation of materials due to chemical or electrochemical reactions with their environment, poses significant economic and safety concerns across various industries, including infrastructure, transportation, energy, and the Oil and Gas sector 1. Biocorrosion, initiated by microbial activities, has gained significant attention due to its destructive effects on metallic structures and critical assets 2. The formation of biofilms by microbial induced bacteria such as sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and acid-producing bacteria (APB) has been identified as a prominent mechanism contributing to biocorrosion in various environments such as oil and gas.

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Laboratory Characterization of Zircaloy-4 Water Channel Material

Product Number: ED22-17383-SG

Author: Cody Williams, James Hyres, Cody Campbell, Kevin Mon, John Beale

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper covers testing on irradiated Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) water channel segments removed from Browns Ferry Unit 3. Methods included tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy, fracture toughness testing, hydrogen determinations, and microstructural characterizations. This testing was performed to assess the impact of hydrogen on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the water channel material. The properties of the irradiated Zr-4 material were then compared to non-irradiated Zr-4 material hydrided to four increasing concentrations of hydrogen.

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Laboratory Evaluation Of Corrosion Inhibitor And The Performance Requirements In Gas Gathering And Transportation Pipelines

Product Number: 51322-17856-SG

Author: Chen Wen, Tian Yuan, Yu Hua-li, Chang Hong_gang

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

At present, with the increasing in demand for natural gas, all gas production companies are increasing their efforts in natural gas exploration and development. Corrosion is one of the problems during the wet gas transporting, and this can be solved by adding corrosion inhibitor(CI) in most case. However, there are no standards for the Cis performance used in gas gathering and transportation pipelines, which may lead to some gapsbetweentheR&Dscientistsandtheneedsofcorrosioninhibitorusers. Based on the demand of some gas production companies for the CIs, this paper puts forward the performance requirements and corresponding indexes of Cis for natural gas gathering and transportation system, and given some advice on the evaluation method.

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Laboratory Evaluation of Scale Inhibitors Used in OTSG Boilers for Control of Silica Related Scale

Product Number: 51323-18761-SG

Author: Dong Shen, Kung-Po Chao, Swamy Margan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The production of heavy oil or bitumen depends upon continuous steam injection to fluidize the oil in the formation. Most of the boilers used in steam generation to enhance oil production are gas-powered once-through-steam-generation (OTSG), because OTSG’s can tolerate hard water and are relatively easy to maintain. Since an approximate 80% of feedwater is vaporized in a single pass, silica/silicate scales could form in the OTSG boiler if the silica content in the feedwater is not well controlled.

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Laboratory experiments vs Field experience – Localized corrosion performance of lean duplex stainless steel UNS S32202 in municipal wastewater treatment plants

Product Number: 51323-19159-SG

Author: Audrey Allion, Charles David, Benoit Emo, Nicolas Larché

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Thanks to their good corrosion resistance and ease to shape and weld, austenitic stainless steel grades (e.g. UNS S31603) are used as standard materials for the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The main factors influencing the corrosiveness of the fluids in WWTP are halides concentration (more specifically chlorides), H2S content, low pH, temperature and their combined effects.

In municipal wastewater streams, chloride content, known to be one of the critical agents affecting the stability of protective passive layers for stainless steels2, is usually around 50-200 mg/L and in this content range does not present major issues for the austenitic grade.

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Laboratory Investigation Of Coating Impedance In Controlled Environments Using A Two-Cell Field Test Method

Product Number: 51323-19155-SG

Author: Bobbi Jo Merten, Meredith Heilig, Matt Jermyn

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The recent development of ASTM D8370-22 provides a field-applicable technique for measuring impedance on protective coatings. The test method expands the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) beyond the laboratory and standardizes the approach for various applications to polymeric coatings on conductive substrates, e.g., barrier coatings on steel structures. Example applications include condition assessments and quality control testing.

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Laboratory Study of Internal Corrosion and Cathodic Protection Concerns Related to Offshore Monopile Structures

Product Number: 51323-18894-SG

Author: Suresh Divi, Adam Rowe, Dan Efird

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

There have been several studies and publications over the past decade that clearly illustrate how initial assumptions about monopile interiors being perfectly sealed compartments were not correct in practice. Oxygen ingress through various points in the monopile contributes to persistent internal corrosion, and planned inspections are also opportunities to introduce fresh oxygen into the monopile. The replenishment of oxygen has been found to continue the corrosion reaction between the monopile wall and entrapped water.

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Laboratory Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of A Phosphonate-type Scale Inhibitor

Product Number: 51323-18784-SG

Author: Shaohua Chen, Tianping Huang, Tao Chen

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Scaling is an important factor affecting oilfield production. The main reasons for scale formation are usually either the mixing of incompatible waters in production flow systems, for example, a formation of brine and seawater injected for maintaining downhole pressure, or changing the
reservoir conditions such as temperature, pressure, and brine pH, among others1,2. Carbonate scaling is dependent upon the equilibrium between bicarbonate, carbonate, and carbon dioxide relative to changes in the temperature and pressure3,4. Scale can deposit on almost any surface,
so that, once a scale layer is formed, it will continue to become thicker unless treated. Scale can block pore throats in the near-well bore region or in the well itself, causing formation damage and loss of well productivity.

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Laboratory Testing To Investigate If Coated Pipelines Are Safe For Transportation Of Hydrogen Gas

Product Number: 51322-17832-SG

Author: Amal Al-Borno, Jeffrey Rogozinski, Jigar K. Mistry, Yuan Li, Moavin Islam

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Governments and energy companies are increasingly looking at hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels, and it is considered that without hydrogen the world cannot aim to be a net zero carbon economy by 2050. Consequently, hydrogen is currently enjoying unprecedented political and business momentum, with the number of policies and projects around the world expanding rapidly. Combustion of hydrogen does not produce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, particulates, sulfur oxides or ground level ozone. Thus, hydrogen offers ways to decarbonize a range of sectors, as well as help improve air quality and strengthen energy security.

Online Conference Paper

Association for Materials Protection and Performance