AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Is the Standardized SSC Testing Approach Applicable for Dense Phase CO2 Applications?

Product Number: 51324-20933-SG

Author: Klas Solberg; Kari Lønvik ; Riccardo Rizzo; Erling Østby; Bente Leinum

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Increased tolerance levels for impurities in CO2 compositions for pipeline transport will give considerable value to CCS projects. Increasing the allowable H2S limits may impose a risk for sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and corrosion. ISO 15156 defines the testing requirements for SSC for oil and gas production, however, CCS applications are not considered in the standard and need to be fully understood in order to provide the right requirements. This work presents preliminary results from an ongoing project with the objective to establish the allowable H2S limit in pipelines transporting CO2 and to establish whether it is possible to represent dense phase SSC behavior by testing in ambient conditions. Autoclave four-point bending test results and simulations are presented and further used to discuss the implications of correlating the dense phase conditions to ambient conditions.

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Is Your CIS Data Accurate?

Product Number: 51322-17809-SG

Author: Jay Warner, Randy Hilgart

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Electrical potential surveys are typically required to be completed on a periodic basis on cathodically protected structures such as underground pipelines. However, proving that a cathodic protection system is providing the degree of corrosion protection required can often be a time-consuming and error prone endeavor. It is a typical practice, and often required, to interrupt the CP source(s) to carry out these surveys, the accuracy of which is affected by several factors, including the presence and inherent function of DC decouplers.

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Is Your Waterborne 2K Epoxy Formulation Giving You a Headache? Here is the Cure!

Product Number: 41214-854-SG

Author: Michaela Zirngast, Gerald Hobisch, Florian Lunzer

Publication Date: 2014

$20.00

A new system for waterborne 2K epoxies has been developed that presents a measurable value proposition. Performance testing results are presented that demonstrate the key features of coatings prepared with the new amine hardener and two different epoxy dispersions. The hardener is ultra-low-VOC and contains no free amines (no need for hazard labeling).

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ISO 27913 - Example for Successful Standardization Activities in the Field of CCUS

Product Number: 51324-20592-SG

Author: Ralph Bäßler

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Since 2016 ISO Technical Committee (TC) 265 is working on standardization the whole CCS-process chain. Around 30 countries are working together to provide international guidelines. As ISO 279131 was the first standard finished within these activities it is already in the stage of first revision. The objective of ISO 27913 is “to provide specific requirements and recommendations on certain aspects of safe and reliable design, construction and operation of pipelines intended for the large-scale transportation of CO2 that are not already covered in existing pipeline standards such as ISO 136232, ASME B31.83, EN 15944, AS 28855 or other standards. Existing pipeline standards cover many of the issues related to the design and construction of CO2 pipelines; however, there are some CO2 specific issues that are not adequately covered in these standards. The purpose of this document is to cover these issues consistently. Hence, this document is not a standalone standard, but is written to be a supplement to other existing pipeline standards for natural gas or liquids for both onshore and offshore pipelines. This contribution shall provide information on the content, the current stage of the revision process, encourage to contribute to this standard and make listeners aware to consider the influence of ISO standard on documents currently in draft.

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Isocyanate Free Polyurthane Coatings for Industrial Metal Applications

Product Number: 41215-921-SG

Author: Paul Popa, John Argyropoulos, Yanxiang Li, Nahrain Kamber, Jeff Anderson

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Two component polyurethane coatings are used in a variety of applications including industrial maintenance. These coating systems were introduced in the 1970’s primarily as topcoats; characterized by their excellent weatherability, toughness, and chemical and stain resistance. When formulated as ambient cured systems, traditional two component polyurethanes typically sacrifice cure time for pot life unless plural component application equipment is employed.

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Isocyanate Free Water Repellent Top Coat For Offshore Corrosion Protection

Product Number: 51321-16640-SG

Author: Rifnur Latipov/ David Morton

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Chromia-Forming and Alumina-Forming Nickel-Base Alloys in Dry and H

Product Number: 51319-13520-SG

Author: Nicholas Ury

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Nickel-base alloys are used in high temperature environments such as heat exchangers and land-based gas turbines where oxidation becomes a significant issue. To mitigate oxidation these alloys contain chromium and aluminum to form protective oxide layers. In dry air the behavior of chromia- and alumina-forming alloys can be predictable. However several high temperature applications contain a significant amount of water vapor which in turn can lead to enhanced corrosion. The effects of water vapor are not completely understood. Hence a comparative study of the oxidation behavior of two nickel-base alloys – UNS N06230 and UNS N07214 - in dry and wet air was undertaken. UNS N06230 a chromia former and UNS N07214 an alumina former were oxidized at 1000°C in dry and wet (15 volume% H2O) air for times of 1 minute 10 minutes 1 hour 5 hours 10 hours and 100 hours using thermogravimetric analysis. The coupons were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. UNS N06230 performed better overall in wet air when compared to UNS N07214. Mechanisms for this difference will be discussed.

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Issues with Correlation between Accelerated Test Methods and Field Performance

Product Number: 51324-20975-SG

Author: Gunnar Dunér; Ted Best; Dongrui Yang; Victoria Gelling

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Lifetime prediction often relies on various accelerated methods with the end goal of accurately predicting time-to-failure and failure modes which may occur during real-world exposure. This presentation will focus on a case study for organic coatings over a coil-type metal substrate. Samples from 2011 were evaluated by multiple corrosion, humidity, flexibility, and adhesion measurements prior to field exposure at two test fences in Florida. An unexpected field failure, general blistering, was observed relatively rapidly after the field exposure commenced. This study focuses on data analysis of the 2011 physical and corrosion tests, field exposure results, and recent electrochemical and microscopic evaluations of unexposed 2011 retain samples. The retain samples were from the same 2011 study, but they were never tested and were maintained wrapped on a shelf in a laboratory. No correlation was observed between the standard 2011 tests and the resulting field performance. However, newer test methods, including Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) cross-section analysis with elemental mapping, provided insight into the reason for the field blister failure. The proposed mechanism of failure was inconsistencies in pretreatment deposition which caused inconsistent EIS performance and localized blistering upon field testing.

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It’s All About Adhesion

Product Number: 51216-016-SG

Author: Guerman Vainblat, Timur Kolchinskiy

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

A long-term project such as the current Brooklyn Bridge Rehabilitation Program, known as Brooklyn Bridge Contract 6, presents a great opportunity to collect vast amounts of data and records relating to the total coating replacement on a historic landmark. On any project, especially one of this scope, the project team has to deal with many obstacles, both expected and unexpected, and significant unknowns.

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It’s Stainless Steel, We Don’t Need to Worry……Right?

Product Number: 51323-19530-SG

Author: Rafael Zamora, Will Durnie, Chris Williams, Joe Gleeson, Tim Evans

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

This paper focuses on the risk of corrosion of austenitic stainless steels following exposure to oxygenated chloride containing waters, such as during hydrotesting or commissioning activities.

Hydrotesting is an activity typically occurring during construction intended to confirm the component's structural integrity for the design and operating pressure. The commissioning phase can use the same water in multiple systems for dynamic commissioning.

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K / Size Effects on the Crack Growth Rate of Irradiated Stainless Steels of Boiling Water Reactors

Product Number: ED22-17304-SG

Author: Masato Koshiishi, Ryoji Obata, Shigeaki Tanaka

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is a phenomenon caused by neutron irradiation of austenitic stainless steels (SSs). The crack growth rates (CGRs) of IASCC for boiling water reactor (BWR) components are needed for assessments to ensure component integrity. The CGR formula has been proposed as a function of the stress intensity factor (K).

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Keeping the Schedule: Climate Control Helps Keep the Charles-de-Gaulles Bridge Project on Schedule

Product Number: 41213-787-SG

Author: David Simkins

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

Using climate control proved its “cool” during a major, temperature sensitive construction project for the Charles-de-Gaulles Bridge Project between Montreal and Repentigny Canada. The air treatment company teamed with general contractor firm Construction Injection EDM Inc and Versailles 48 Inc. the coating contractor to successfully control the temperature and humidity of the containments on the underside of the bridge during a challenging retrofit and application of protective coatings of the steel structure.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance