AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Comparative Studies on Corrosion Performance of UNS R20033 under Batch-mode Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) Conversion of Typical Model Compounds in Lignocellulosic Biomass

Product Number: 51324-21156-SG

Author: Haoyu Wang; Xue Han; Minkang Liu; Yimin Zeng; Chunbao Charles Xu

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is an important thermochemical technology which uses hot pressurized water to convert wet biomass or biowaste feedstocks into biocrude oils and other marketable bio-chemicals. However, the widespread commercialization of HTL technology could be challenging due to the corrosion of process core equipment, especially the refining reactors. The presence of hot pressurized water, aggressive catalyst, and organic products can lead to serious corrosion damage and even stress corrosion cracking risks on HTL reactors. Lignocellulosic biomass comprises three primary components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These components exhibit distinct behaviors during HTL conversion, leading to variations in the chemical environment and properties of the resulting products. This study aims to compare the corrosion modes and extents of a typical austenitic alloy (UNS R20033) under HTL of three typical biomass model compounds (cellulose, xylan, and alkali lignin) to facilitate the development of corrosion mechanisms in biomass HTL environment.

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Comparative Study of FBE Internal Coatings in CO2/H2S/N2-brine/MEG

Product Number: MECC23-20099-SG

Author: Abdulrahman Al-Huwaiji; Turki Al-Khaldi; Zahrah Al-Tarooti; Khalid Al-Mudarra; Anas Al-Rushaid; Haitham Al-Juhani

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE) organic coatings have been widely used in the oil and gas industry for more than 50 years for internal and external pipeline applications, as they have been proven to efficiently provide good pipeline corrosion protection for many years. As demand for oil increases leading oil and gas companies to expand operations and venture into fields and depths more severe than ever before, there is an expectation for FBE coatings to also evolve in order to meet these new corrosion challenges[1]. One main challenge in the selection of FBE coatings, is the qualification of organic coatings that can handle sweet and sour services at high pressures in NaCl and MEG media [2].

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Comparative study of residual stresses generated in an epoxy coating on carbon steel and stainless steel after thermal aging

Product Number: 51323-19102-SG

Author: Janice Xin Yee, Ng, Hanan Farhat, Thunyaluk Pojtanabuntoeng, Arun Mathew, Qing Cao, Mariano Iannuzzi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a widespread corrosion phenomenon in many industries since it was first described in 1965. CUI generally occurs when moisture is retained within thermal insulation and metal interface and when the protective coating breaks down. Improper installation and eventual damage to metal jacketing act as an entry point for water. The rate of CUI can be further accelerated depending on the amount of leached corrosive species and the operating parameters.

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Comparative Study of the Effect of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on Cathodic Protection under Simulated Blisters

Product Number: 51324-21195-SG

Author: Lisseth Ocando; Oladis Troconis de Rincón; Matilde F. de Romero; Antonio De Turris

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This work presents a comparison of the effect generated by a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) isolated from a natural estuary in western Venezuela, on the cathodic protection (CP) of carbon steel under simulated blisters. The laboratory study was carried out simultaneously measuring attack morphology, polarized potential, pH, and sessile growth, inside a simulated blister in a special cell arrangement, using two types of coatings: one 100% solids epoxy, and the other one, a tape type, which consists of the combination of a geo mesh-polypropylene textile and tarred rubber. A potential of -3.2 V vs. Copper Sulfate Electrode (CSE) was applied, which allowed to reach polarized potentials more negative than -950 mV Vs. CSE without the presence of coatings. Various conditions were considered for the study: A) sterile medium, B) sterile medium inoculated with SRB only outside the blister, and C) sterile medium inoculated outside and inside the blister. The correlation of the results for each case allowed the establishment of different comparative tables that could help to improve corrosion management methods of buried or submerged pipelines in presence of SRB. In all cases, a decrease in CP efficiency under the blister was demonstrated.

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Comparing AC Study Techniques In Addressing AC Corrosion Risk

Product Number: 51322-17735-SG

Author: Perry Ross

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

AC interference studies have become increasingly popular in an industry where shared right of ways have increased and there has been a better understanding of how AC interacts between pipelines and powerlines that are collocated with each other. While modeling software for AC interference studies have been developed since the 1990s, advancement in AC interference processes have occurred as more has been learned over the years. When performing an AC interference study there are three steps that need to be completed: field data collection, modeling, and mitigation design. Within this paper, we can compare a project from ten years ago to a project from today to understand the developments that have been made over the course of time to improve the way we develop our mitigation designs.

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Comparing in-situ Methods for Monitoring Effectiveness of Biocide Treatment

Product Number: 51317--9114-SG

ISBN: 9114 2017 CP

Author: Sabine Doddema

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

In this paper we describe a case study in which we compared several available methods including viabilitypolymerase chain reactionfor measuring the effectiveness of biocide treatment.

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Comparing Multiple Weathering Techniques Among Various Coatings Chemistries

Product Number: 41213-762-SG

Author: Veronica Lemmerman

Publication Date: 2013

$20.00

It was requested that exposure testing be completed on various high durability coatings products to evaluate gloss retention and color changes. Various systems were chosen to test, some with clear coats and some without. They were placed in cyclic UV/condensation testing, concentrated natural sunlight testing in Arizona, and outdoor exposure testing in South Florida.

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Comparing Stress Corrosion Cracking Initiation Times of Sensitized 304 Stainless Steel in KOH And LiOH Primary Water Chemistries with High Levels Of Dissolved Oxygen

Product Number: ED22-18341-SG

Author: Stuart Medway, Peter Chou, David Tice

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The testing described in this paper is part of a wider initiative by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to perform a due-diligence assessment to support possible application to plants and demonstrate the use of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in western Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs). Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is used in the primary coolant loop of PWRs to modify the pH of the coolant water. LiOH is most commonly used as the alkalizing substance as 7Li is already present in the water
chemistry as a by-product of the neutron reaction with boron (10B). To reduce the risk of accelerated corrosion of the Zircaloy fuel cladding material, there is an upper limit of 3.5 ppm for 7Li, although standard starting chemistry is typically 2 ppm. The amount of lithium is subsequently reduced during operation as the required level of boron is reduced due to fuel burnup through the fuel lifecycle.

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Comparing the Benefits of Environmentally Friendly Removable Coatings to Traditional Products

Product Number: 51317--9392-SG

ISBN: 9392 2017 CP

Author: Eric Uutala

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Solvent based coatings carry application and removal costs, disposal and storage costs, material cost, and others. Environmentally friendly products have been developed and implemented to alleviate these concerns. The paper explores alternatives to traditional coatings.

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Comparison Of Atmospheric Corrosion Of Silver Across Multiple Locations

Product Number: 51322-17621-SG

Author: Douglas C Hansen, Ronald Zeszut, David Rubino

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Atmospheric corrosion of bare metals is a constantly occurring process that can cause significant damage to metal components and structures. For this reason, it has been extensively studied, especially for steel and aluminum alloys.^1-8 Environmental exposure testing is a common method for studying and characterizing the corrosion severity of a location, which allows for comparison with other regions. Much of this data collection is directed toward development of predictive models for corrosion processes, with the goal of estimating corrosion damage based on environmental conditions.

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Comparison Of Corrosion Behavior Of P110 And P110-3Cr Low-Alloyed Steel In Supercritical CO2-Saturated Brine And Water-Saturated Supercritical CO2 Environments

Product Number: 51321-16989-SG

Author: Zezhou Wen; Yong Hua; Anne Neville; Shujie Liu; Xijin Xing; Dapeng Li; Jiong Qian; Yubin Zhou; Jianping Zhu; Xiaoqi Yue; Lei Zhang

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Comparison of Corrosion Scales on X65 Carbon Steel in a Pure NaCl Solution and a Complex Brine at Elevated Temperatures and CO2 Partial Pressures

Product Number: 51319-12937-SG

Author: Yong Hua

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

This study investigates the contrasting characteristics of corrosion products/scales and corrosion behavior of X65 carbon steel when exposed to pure NaCl solutions compared to a complex brine solution at elevated temperatures and CO2 partial pressures. The focus of the experiments are directed towards the temperature range of 90-250°C and CO2 partial pressures of 1-20 bar. The corrosion scale morphology and chemistry are identified through a combination of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Focused Ion Beam (FIB) Energy-Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The general and localized corrosion behavior is determined using gravimetric analysis and surface profilometry measurements respectively. The results indicate that Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions influence the formation of surface deposits significantly and this has a dramatic effect on their resistance to both general and localized corrosion. The surface characterisation methods employed indicated that the surface deposits comprised of iron carbonate (FeCO3) when the samples were exposed to pure NaCl solution below 150oC. However a complex mixture of Ca Mg and Fe-containing deposits were detected on the surface in complex brine solution below this temperature which are investigated in detail within this paper. Magnetite (Fe3O4) was shown to develop as an initial layer in both brines in conjunction with the other surface deposits beyond 150°C. The implications of the formation of such corrosion products and their relation to general and localized corrosion are discussed.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance