AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Comparison Of CPT-Values Of UNS N08935, UNS N06625, UNS N06455 And UNS N06985 By Use Of A New Electrochemical Method

Product Number: 51321-16665-SG

Author: Anna Delblanc; Nian Zhou

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Comparison of Fluid Corrosivity and Bacterial Activity in Effluent and Seawater Treatment Systems

Product Number: 51319-13295-SG

Author: Surya Prakash

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

In the oil and gas industry internal corrosion of metallic components and piping is caused by the corrosive elements in the water associated with processed crude oil. Once established the corrosion characteristics of the produced / effluent water changes due to corresponding change in the fluid properties. By continuously monitoring the corrosion rates and type of corrosion attack on the standard corrosion coupons it is possible to get an indication of the corrosion trends within different water streams. The corrosion mitigation measures can then be selected and applied based on corrosion trends observed in the system. In this study internal corrosion monitoring data from sour and non-sour effluent water treatment plants and seawater treatment plant are evaluated with respect to dissolved H2S and bacterial activity especially the oilfield bacterial counts (General Aerobic General Anaerobic and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria). Distinct features have been observed on the corrosion coupons retrieved from sour and non-sour water systems and seawater service. Comparison of fluid corrosivity and bacterial activity was made in terms of corrosion rates and morphology found on the coupons retrieved from the sour / non-sour effluent water and sea water service and subsequent corrosion mitigation measures applied have also been presented here.

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Comparison Of Hydrogen Embrittlement Testing Methods Of Alloy 718

Product Number: 51321-16821-SG

Author: Brian Kagay; Stevew Coryell; Kip Findlet; Steve McCoy

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Comparison of Laboratory Based H2S Scavenger Methodologies for Oil and Gas Production

Product Number: 51321-16503-SG

Author: Jody Hoshowski/ Øystein Birketveit/ Aiman Kamaruzaman/ Alyn Jenkins/ Rachael Cole / Tore Nordvik

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Comparison of Pitting and Crevice Corrosion - The Effect of Alloying Elements

Product Number: 51317--8975-SG

ISBN: 8975 2017 CP

Author: Brian DeForce

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Corrosion resistance of stainless steels and nickel alloys is due to alloying elements. The most important elements are Cr, Mo, N and sometimes W. This paper compares the effect of these elements in pitting and crevice corrosion.

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Comparison of Sampling Analysis Findings and RBI Assessment in Corrosion Forecasting

Product Number: 51321-16376-SG

Author: Yousef Khuraibut/ Saleh Al-Sulaiman/ Arnab Gupta/ Mithun Mitra/Hasan Bu Taleb

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Comparison of stress corrosion cracking behavior of Fe13Cr5Ni- and Fe17Cr5.5Ni- based high chromium stainless steels in HPHT CO2 environments

Product Number: 51320-14695-SG

Author: Yameng Qi, Chunxia Zhang, Zhonghua Zhang

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of Fe13Cr5Ni- and Fe17Cr5.5Ni-based alloys in HTHP CO2 environments was investigated through slow strain rate tests (SSRT) and electrochemical methods. The results show that a remarkable decrease in tensile strength and elongation to failure was observed when testing in CO2 environment as compared with air. Fe17Cr5.5Ni-based alloys possessed better SCC resistance than Fe13Cr5Ni-based alloys. The increase of Cr and Ni content tended to enhance the resistance to SCC and pitting corrosion. The SCC behaviors of Fe13Cr5Ni- and Fe17Cr5.5Ni-based alloys were closely associated with the repassivation capacity and the resistance to pitting corrosion.

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Comparison of the Corrosion Performance of the As-Printed Surface of SLM 316L to Bulk Material and Wrought Counterpart

Product Number: 51324-20994-SG

Author: Reece Goldsberry; Raymundo Case; Bilal Mansoor; Homero Castaneda

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The effect of laser power on the surface finish and corrosion resistance of as-printed selective laser melted 316L was studied. As-printed surface quality and corrosion response compared to wrought 316L and bulk printed material. The surface quality of the as-printed samples was measured through surface topography and high-resolution techniques. The corrosion resistance was measured using AC and DC electrochemical techniques. The as-printed samples displayed two breakdown stages during polarization. Transpassive behavior occurred at lower potentials, followed by a complete breakdown potential that was near the breakdown potential of the bulk SLM material. The polarization resistance measured from equivalent circuits was very similar to the values obtained for wrought and bulk SLM material.

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Comparison of the Life Cycle Cost of Carbon Steel, Duplex Stainless Steels, Super Austenitic, and Nickel-Based Alloys for Crude Unit Overheard Condensers

Product Number: 51324-21175-SG

Author: Karen Picker; Luiza Esteves

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A refinery in the U.S. Gulf Coast had been using carbon steel tubes in two crude unit overhead condensers that suffered severe corrosion leading to premature failure after just 6 months in service. The metallurgy of the tube bundles was later upgraded to super duplex, UNS S32750, and hyper duplex stainless steel (DSS), S32707, which extended the service life to 12 months and two years, respectively. Failure analysis of the DSS indicated that the corrosion started as under-deposit corrosion. Selective corrosion occurred, where the ferrite phase suffered a preferential corrosion attack. Super Austenitic Alloy 35, UNS N08935, was recommended as an economical alternative to nickel Alloys 625 (UNS N0625 and C-276 (UNS N10276). Material selection and life-cycle cost analysis helped the end user select the super austenitic Alloy as the material of choice for the upgrade. The bundles have been in service for more than two years. This paper evaluates the materials selection process, fabrication cost, and life cycle cost analysis of the different Alloys used in these bundles since the first carbon steel upgrade through the present time.

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Comparison of the Test Severity of HLP Test Solution and NACE TM0284-2016 Test Solution C in HIC Testing

Product Number: 51323-19026-SG

Author: Thomas Haase, Christoph Bosch, Christoph Kalwa

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Steel pipelines designated for the transport of oil and gas containing wet hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are faced
with the risk of sudden and severe cracking. In sour environments containing water and H2S, hydrogen
atoms, originating from the anodic dissolution of the material, can diffuse into the steel and induce severe
damage. Different forms of cracking may occur, such as Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC), Sulfide
Stress Cracking (SSC) or Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking (SOHIC).

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Comparison of Two ASTM E1820 Standard Fracture Toughness Test Methods for LAS Material in Deaerated Saltwater under Cathodic Protection

Product Number: 51324-21094-SG

Author: Arshad B Gavanluei; Joseph Wilhelmi; Paul Bunch; Matt Vaclavik; Fokion Oikonomidis

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Low alloy steels (LAS), frequently used for pressure-containing equipment in subsea applications, are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement when exposed to seawater environments under cathodic protection (CP), which can result in a reduction of toughness and ductility. Fracture toughness, which is an indication of a material’s resistance to crack propagation and unstable crack growth, is often determined from laboratory tests for design verification analysis or fitness-for-service applications. In hydrogen charging environments such as deaerated saltwater under CP, the fracture toughness is typically measured using either an unloading compliance (UC) or a rising displacement DCPD test method, both of which are described for air testing in the current ASTM E1820 standard. In this study, slow load rate fracture toughness tests on compact tension C(T) specimens using both test methods on the same heat of material are performed and compared. The tests are performed in a deaerated saltwater under CP environment using the same targeted K-rate of 0.005N/mm3/2/s. The UC test method is performed with a clip gauge for load-line displacement (LLD) and in-situ crack depth measurement, and the rising displacement DCPD test method infers LLD indirectly and uses DCPD for crack depth prediction. A comparison of the test results indicated a 35-65% increase in the calculated ???????? fracture toughness of the material when using the rising displacement DCPD test method.

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Comparison of Zero VOC Xylene Substrates as Replacements for Xylene and Toluene

Product Number: 41215-920-SG

Author: David Pasin, Diego Lopez Arias

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Xylene and Toluene are used in the formulation of plastics, coatings, composites, and paints. However, Toluene is designated as a Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP), and Xylene is designated as both a HAP and an emitter of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). HAPs and VOCs are hazardous to human health and the environment and regulators are increasingly restricting their emission.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance