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The objective of this study was to examine the effects of an ultra-high pressure (UHP) waterjetting surface preparation (>25,000 psi) on the performance properties of select marine/offshore coating epoxy systems. Uncoated steel panels had been allowed to rust in an outdoor atmospheric environment and then were subjected to UHP waterjetting
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The twenty-first century presents a major challenge to coatings manufacturers. The amount of solvent allowable in many coatings has been reduced considerably. In order to attain these lower VOC’s, coatings formulators are searching for resins that have low VOC demand, as well as ways of formulating that can replace the high volumes of solvent used in the past
Poor performance of materials…is why…more realistic application conditions are needed. An ultra-tolerant material, compatible with flash rust, humidity, poor profile and cold application conditions, potentially with Ultra High Pressure (UHP) water jetting, is presented in this paper.
Solventborne alkyd resins are widely used in industrial coatings because of their excellent gloss, good adhesion and wetting properties as well as excellent compatibility with other resin types. In many regions, however, the consumption of alkyds is diminishing as stringent environmental regulations drive the coatings industry towards lower volatile organic compound (VOC) systems. Waterborne (WB) coating systems have replaced some solventborne (SB) alkyd paints; however, these WB coatings typically do not offer the same performance as their solventborne counterparts.
In a pipe, guided Lamb-like waves can propagate around the circumference of the pipe wall. As they do, the waves pick up details about the pipe wall’s characteristics, such as its inner surface condition and, most significantly, its thickness. A robust pipe wall thickness estimation method based on conventional (i.e., non-machine learning) processing methods has been proposed by the authors.
The search for environmentally friendly and greener materials in the polymer field is further explored to decrease dependency toward petroleum-based products. Sucrose soyate, a complex molecule of sucrose and fatty acids of soybean oils, provide an alternative renewable material for petroleum-based coating resins in addition to the already existing choice of drying oils
This paper considers the parameters that affect chloride induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures and the effect of. variance in some of the parameters that influence the initiation period of chloride induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, on the service life estimates.
Deposits can play an important role in the corrosion rate and morphology of carbon steel in a production environment as well as affect the efficacy of an inhibitor. A test method has been developed to investigate the corrosion characteristics of carbon steel in a stratified flow regime where deposits of solids accumulate in the bottom of a pipeline.Previous testing showed higher under deposit corrosion rates of API X-65 carbon steel when the deposit consists of iron sulfide (FeS) versus sand in a 100%H 2 S environment. There is a needto investigate the effect of CO2 on these findings as the lower pH should affect the corrosion rate morphology and galvanic action particularly with respect to the FeS deposits.This paper presents the effect of mixed gases (50%H 2 S + 50%CO2 ) on corrosion behavior of API X-65 carbon steel coupons in the FeS and sand deposits. The average corrosion rate thickness loss of the coupons and pitting at the solid/liquid interface will be presented.Keywords: Under deposit corrosion Iron sulfide (FeS) sand mill scale acid gases
This paper pertains to a study of an API 5L X-60, Carbon steel, injection water pipeline, which failed prematurely in 4 years after commissioning due to under-deposit corrosion. A detailed study was carried out to investigate the failure causes.
Alternating Current (AC) interference affects pipelines collocated near high voltage transmission lines. While overhead high voltage AC transmission line collocations are common underground high voltage AC transmission line collocations while less common can cause similar interference effects on pipelines. This paper describes a feasibility evaluation of a proposedunderground transmission line route in the United Kingdom affecting a nearby pipeline. The proposed transmission line was to consist of either three 220 kV circuits or six 132 kV circuits; both cases were evaluated. The proposed transmission line phase cables were to be installed with concentric sheath conductors direct buried in a close trefoil configuration and bonded to underground splice boxes at various locations. In addition to the proposed transmission line route the project evaluated a set of base cases: a typical pipeline paralleling at varying offsets for various lengths under a variety of operating conditions and a typical pipeline crossing scenario. The effect of soil resistivity on the interference levels experienced by the pipeline was considered. The feasibility study assessed the expected steady state fault state and AC corrosion effects that the proposed transmission line could have on any nearby pipelines. Results for all cases and scenarios will be discussed.Key words: AC interference case study underground AC power transmission pipeline integrity