AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Research on Parameter Fluctuation Characteristics and Effects on Corrosion Rates under Dynamic DC Stray Current from Metro System

Product Number: 51319-13203-SG

Author: Yanxia Du

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

With the large-scale construction of metro systems in many cities of China a growing number of buried metal pipelines are suffering from dynamic DC stray current in recent years. However less work has been carried out on the effect of dynamic DC stray current on corrosion rate of steel structure therefore there is a lack of consistent corrosion evaluation criterion under dynamic DC stray current in the world currently. Based on measured dynamic fluctuating parameters on buried pipelines interfered by dynamic DC stray current from metro system the fluctuation characteristics such as fluctuating period waveform and amplitude were analyzed systemically. Corrosion coupons were buried near the pipelines interfered by dynamic DC stray current and connected electrically with the pipeline and after 6 or 12 months the corrosion coupons were dig out and corrosion rates of them were obtained by weight loss tests. The relationships between dynamic fluctuation parameters and corrosion rates were analyzed which could provide reference for the buildup of corrosion evaluation criterion under dynamic DC stray current.

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Research Progress of Fouling Scale Control Technology in Low Permeability Oilfields

Product Number: 51324-21027-SG

Author: Chenglong Li; Qiongwei Li; Ning Liu; Min Yang; Peng Xu

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In recent years, Changqing Oilfield has continuously enlarged the scale of exploration and development, and its oil and gas equivalent output has exceeded 6,500 × 104t/a. However, the oilfield has been developed by multiple reservoir system stacking, and it has gradually entered the stage of medium-high water cut, and scaling has become more and more prominent impact of production system. In accordance with compose the prevention and control strategy, chemical and physical scaling technology research and on-site tests have been combined to extend the scaling cycle and slow down the scaling rate, and achieve good results.

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Researches on AC Corrosion Risk Assessment Criteria for Cathodically Protected Carbon Steel

Product Number: 51317--8962-SG

ISBN: 8962 2017 CP

Author: Yanxia Du

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Experiments to study the effects of AC interference on cathodic protection (CP). Changes of CP potential and current density under AC interference and AC corrosion rates obtained. Effective CP potential under AC interference analyzed. Interference compared.

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Residual Analysis Assay For Thiol-Based VCI Quantification In Top-Of-Line Corrosion Environments

Product Number: 51322-17918-SG

Author: Mariana Costa Folena, José Antônio da Cunha Ponciano Gomes, Hanan Alshareef Farhat, Iain Manfield, Joshua Owen, Anne Neville, Richard Barker

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Top of line corrosion (TLC) is a degradation mechanism predominantly encountered in the oil and gas industry. Initiation of TLC requires a stratified flow regime with wet gas transportation and the existence of a significant temperature gradient between the hot fluid inside the pipeline and the colder external environment.1,2,3 This temperature difference results in the condensation of water vapor, present in the gas phase, onto the cooler, upper internal section of the pipeline. The condensed water can be particularly aggressive as it lacks dissolved salts (e.g. bicarbonates), some of which are able to buffer the bulk electrolyte, increasing the pH and suppressing corrosivity.4,5,6 The absence of such salts typically results in a very low pH condensate (<pH 4), often containing dissolved acidic gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and also acetic acid (HAc), which can cause severe degradation, particularly in the form of localized corrosion.5

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Residual Dye (Lubricant) on Galvanized Fasteners - How Much is Too Much?

Product Number: 51217-055-SG

Author: Carly McGee, Daniel G. Chasky, Steven M. Duke

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The nuts of galvanized fasteners used on bridges are coated with a wax-based lubricant that contains a dye. Once installed, the fasteners are cleaned to remove the wax prior to painting. Cleaning is typically accomplished using a combination of solvents and hand tools, but questions are often raised as to how much residual dye on the surface is acceptable for painting.

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Resistance of U-bend and Integral Finned Duplex Stainless Steel UNS-S32205 and UNS-S32750 to Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking

Product Number: 51322-18038-SG

Author: Karen Picker, Luiza Esteves, Yong-Joo Kim

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The use of Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) in refinery sour environments is governed by ANSI/NACE MR0103/ISO 17945NACE “Metallic materials resistant to sulfide stress cracking in corrosive petroleum refining environments” which limits DSS base materials to be used in Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) services to a maximum hardness of 28 HRC for materials with a PREN ≤ 40 and to a maximum hardness of 32 HRC for those materials with PREN > 40.¹ These hardness values are in line with the hardness requirements of solution annealed as produced straight tubes, but when the heat exchanger design requires the use of integral finning or u-bend tubes, these are subject to significant work hardening that results in as bent and as finned heat exchanger tubes with hardness measurement as high as 418 HV0.5 or 35.6 HRC which clearly exceeds the allowable limits stated above.

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Respirable Crystalline Silica, It’s History, Disease and Osha’s New Standards: Understanding the New Regulations

Product Number: 51217-041-SG

Author: Thomas Enger

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration issued its new Silica ruling on June 23, 2015 in which industries have one to five years to comply with most requirements. The Construction Industry has until June 23, 2016, while Maritime and General Industry has until June 23, 2017. OSHA estimates that the rule will save over 600 lives and prevent more than 900 new cases of silicosis each year.

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Respirators - What's Needed for an OSHA Respirator Program

Product Number: 51218-098-SG

Author: Charles Brown

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

This program is intended to be a resource for instructors of occupational safety and health and is not a substitute for any of the provisions of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 or for any standards issued by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

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Restoration of Historic Architectural Tiffany Metalwork Relies on HighPerformance, Environmentally Safe Coating System for Long-Lasting Protection

Product Number: 41214-872-SG

Author: Kurt Wood, Vince Casmirri, Tami Lasseter Clare

Publication Date: 2014

$20.00

Caretakers of outdoor monuments, sculptures and high-value architectural metalwork face formidable preservation challenges. Durable, low-maintenance coatings are needed that provide longer-lasting protection against corrosion and degradation, while being safe for the environment. We describe work done in collaboration with conservators at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and Portland State University, to develop water-based fluoropolymer coatings that meet the critical needs of the conservation and architectural communities.

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Results and Relation to Deformation Mechanisms for SSRT Testing of Austenitic Stainless in Hydrogen Gas

Product Number: 51324-20659-SG

Author: Ulf H Kivisäkk; Ulrika Borggren; Raveendra Siriki

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The use of Hydrogen as a fuel is widely discussed today with stainless steels able to be used for tubing and as fittings in various systems. The application areas vary from tubing and fittings in vehicles, filling stations, production or storages facilities. In all applications resistance against hydrogen embrittlement is a key prerequisite. Earlier the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of three austenitic stainless steels tested by different SSRT methods has been reported: electrochemical charged, thermal pre-charged and in situ testing in 85 to 87.5 MPa hydrogen gas at -40°C. The low nickel versions of UNS S31603 experienced brittle fracture whereas the high nickel version of UNS S31603 as well as UNS S31675 had ductile fractures. The appearance of the fracture surface in SEM indicates that all test methods promote ingress of hydrogen to the center of the specimen. In this work, study of the deformation mechanisms has been performed by EBSD obtained 5 mm from the fracture. The study reveals that the low nickel version of UNS S31603 experiences formation of deformation induced martensite, the high nickel version of UNS S31603 shows no martensite but produces twinning. UNS S31675 which has a small grain size shows no formation of martensite and only small degree of twinning. The deformation structures are discussed with respect to the outcome of the SSRT-testing and austenite stability.

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Resurrecting a Concrete Landmark

Product Number: 41215-896-SG

Author: Todd Gomez

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

The spray-applied, two-component, ambient-cured polyurea, which features no VOC’s and low odor, can be applied at colder temperatures than current available coatings. This wider temperature application range extends the season for restoring outdoor concrete substrates. The technology provides quick dry times; leading to faster return-to-service and helping applicators and owners meet tight deadlines.

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Retention Improvement Of Sulfonic Acid Based Scale Inhibitor On Sandstone Formations At HTHP Conditions

Product Number: 51322-17875-SG

Author: Yasmin Hayatgheib, Salima Baraka-Lokmane, Thibaut Charpentier, Wassim Taleb, Paul Thornton, John-Richard Ordonez-Varela, Richard Barker, Wassim Taleb, Anne Neville

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oilfield waters have a complex composition depending on reservoir rock at different geographical locations that can be carried into the production water¹. The alteration in environmental conditions such as pressure, temperature, salt content or pH can cause the liquid to oversaturate and the contained ions to form complexes. These will precipitate out of the solution, deposit and grow on contacting surfaces such as reservoirs, upstream production tubing, sub-surface safety valves, water injection lines to top side refining equipment namely heat exchangers and transport lines ^2–4. Scaling can also be induced by incompatible mixing of fluids. For example CaCO₃ and /or BaSO₄ form through typical mixing of SO4 2- containing sea water with the formation water that carries high concentrations of divalent cations such as Ca²⁺and Ba^2+₂. Similarly, sulfide scales form upon mixing with H₂S-containing formation water enriched with Fe, Zn or Pb ions ⁵. ZnS and PbS have been observed to form in presence of only 25 ppm H₂S at gulf of Mexico containing 50 ppm Zn and 5 ppm Pb , due to their low solubility constant K_sp ^6,7.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance