AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipes (RTRP) Failures and Quality Control Measures AdoptedDuring Construction of The Largest LNGI facility in Kuwait

Product Number: MECC23-20057-SG

Author: Faisal Al-Refai; Yousef J. Mansour; Fahad Al-Qanaee

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The LNGI facility in Kuwait represents a movement towards sustainable clean energy. The purpose of the facility is to import liquified natural gas to be stored and subsequently vaporized to its gaseous form to be distributed to end users. End users include refineries and electricity power plants.

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Relating Changes in Electrochemical Properties to Barrier Property Changes of an Organic Coating System

Product Number: 51323-19314-SG

Author: Steven A. Policastro, Erick Iezzi, Attilio Arcari, Rachel M. Anderson, Carlos M. Hangarter

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Coating systems are used in a wide variety of environments, including seawater immersion and exposure to the atmosphere, as a method for preventing corrosion. A coating system refers to the layers of coatings that are applied over one another to form a structure that performs multiple functions that cannot be provided by a single coating. For example, the initial layer of the system may consist of a surface pretreatment that thickens the oxide film of the aircraft skin material and aids in adhesion of the base coating to the substrate.

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Relationship between Inhibitor Adsorption and Surfactant Properties:Critical Parameters

Product Number: 51319-13245-SG

Author: Ashwini Chandra

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A novel experimental methodology for investigating the relationship between corrosion inhibitor adsorption and micellization processes was developed and implemented using different types of inhibitor molecules have been investigated. The approach involved integrating the following experimental methodologies – Mott-Schottky Cyclic Voltammetry Quartz Crystal Microbalance Surface Tension and Fluorescence SpectroscopyHomologous series of quaternary amines and hydroxyethyl imidazolines were studied and compared to establish the effect of critical parameters such as pH salinity temperature and carbon chain length on the adsorption and micellization process. The two processes have been found to be closely related and depend not only on the surfactant properties (polar head group and carbon chain length) but also on environmental parameters such as temperature pH and ionic strength. Adsorption isotherms and critical micelle concentrations were determined under different solution conditions and were used to calculate thermodynamic constants – Gibbs free energy (ΔG) enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) change associated with the two processes. The correlation of these constants that are related to the active components of these inhibitor molecules and solution conditions can help in developing and characterizing corrosion inhibitors required to be used under challenging conditions in the oil and gas industry.

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Reliability Methods for Fracture Verification of Pipelines Subject to Lateral Buckling

Product Number: MPWT19-15030

Author: Abdul Rahman El-Chayeb, Faris Ragheb Kamal, Don Xiaodong Wang, Oussama Takieddine

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Recent project experiences in the Arabian Gulf Region have shown that weld fracture is the governing limit state for subsea pipelines subject to lateral buckling loads. This is due to the small axial strain limits which can be allowed to minimize impact on weld repair rate for offshore pipeline installation. Considering the absence of reported weld fracture failures due to lateral buckling, it is possible that the safety margins used in fracture verification due to buckling can be further optimized. For instance, in a recent work scope to validate an existing pipeline for higher operating temperature it was found that the maximum allowable strain would be 0.252%. This was less than the 0.4% strain limit associated with radiographic NDT as considered at the design stage when the pipeline was installed in 2012. In other work scopes, the maximum allowable strain due to lateral buckling was 0.18% which is also significantly less than the historic 0.4% used in pipeline design codes and standards. The above supports the argument that although pipeline fracture analysis procedures are fully mature and well established, these procedures do not necessarily capture the complexities involved in dealing with pipelines susceptible to lateral buckling taking into account the statistical distributions of buckle location along the pipeline route, defect location, defect size, material strength, crack growth constants and a number of other parameters. This paper outlines a procedure for implementing fracture verification of pipelines susceptible to lateral buckling based on probabilistic approach. It is shown that this procedure can reduce the conservatism in the deterministic approach usually used and can help reduce unnecessary weld repairs during pipe-lay operations

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Remaining Life Assessment of 9Cr-1Mo Steel Radiant Heater Tube in Continuous Catalytic Reforming Unit

Product Number: 51324-21147-SG

Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The radiant tubes in fired heaters operating in the creep range are designed as per API 530. The typical creep design life of the heater tubes is 100,000hours. Tube sample from this 1st Inter-heater was removed after 166,500hours of operation with the process gas outlet temperature of 550oC (1022oF). The tube skin temperature was observed in the range of 600-630oC. Scale characterization using SEM/EDS, Hot and ambient tensile testing, Hardness measurement, Accelerated Creep rupture testing and creep testing was carried out as part of the assessment. This paper explains the methodology adopted for remaining life assessment and compares the results from Larson-Miller Parameter method (LMP) & MPC Omega method. The remaining life evaluation was carried out as per API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. The Creep ductility factor ?cdO and Scatter band factor ?srO was adjusted to match the Omega (?) parameter and initial strain rate (eo) derived from the creep test. As part of the metallurgical analysis damage due to carburization and metal dusting was also evaluated.

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Remaining Life Calculations and Crack Growth Rate for Various Forms of Stress Corrosion Cracking as a Function of Temperature

Product Number: 51321-16490-SG

Author: Jeffery Lord/ Jeffery C. Gibeling

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Remaining Strength Of Corroded Pipe Direct Assessment Process

Product Number: 51316-7056-SG

ISBN: 7056 2016 CP

Author: Joseph Pikas

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

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Remediation of Microbially Contaminated Horizontal Wells with Acrolein

Product Number: 51320-14992-SG

Author: Jodi B. Wrangham, Adam Bounds, Jerry L. Conaway, Jim Ott, Mason Long, and Corey Stevens

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

The lengthy laterals of horizontal wells often pose microbiological challenges, as they provide more area to become microbially contaminated and require larger volumes of fluid and biocide for treatment. A Permian Basin oilfield has been experiencing MIC-related failures in its horizontal wells, which is of concern due to the associated high workover cost.

Laboratory biocide challenge testing identified several common oilfield chemistries and combinations thereof as being effective against this field’s population of microbes. However, aggressive applications of these products in the field neither delivered an effective microbial kill nor prevented the treated wells from experiencing further MIC and failures.

An acrolein field trial was conducted on a set of problematic, microbially contaminated horizontal wells over a time period of approximately one year. During this timeframe, these wells experienced microbial control for the first time, defined as meeting and maintaining microbial KPIs. Additional benefits were realized as a result of acrolein, including a dramatic improvement in water quality evident as a decrease in iron sulfide and suspended solids, a clean-out of the wells inferred by an initial increase of solids post-acrolein, a decrease in the corrosion rate as indicated by a significant reduction in iron and manganese counts, a decrease in the well failure rate, an increase in production, and an overall cost savings associated with the application of acrolein.

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Remediation of Soluble Salts from Steel Bridges During Re-Painting

Product Number: 51219-172-SG

Author: J. Peter Ault, Nick Fabritiis

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Soluble salts may be transferred to a steel bridge or other structure as an airborne aerosol (generally from marine or industrial sources), wind-blown debris, and debris transferred from vehicles. Perhaps the most significant source of soluble salts on bridges is from de-icing materials. Once on the structure, salts may become incorporated into corrosion scale, poultice, or crevices.

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Remnant Life Prediction for Glass-Reinforced Plastic Piping

Product Number: 51324-20897-SG

Author: Raunak Bardia; Valeriia Khokhlova; Wouter Hamer; Heather Gower; Nicholas Laycock

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipes are widely used as an alternative to metallic piping in challenging environments, such as concentrated acids. However, compatibility with the environment is typically described only in qualitative terms, and non-destructive inspection techniques do not provide data that can be used to accurately quantify in-service degradation. Consequently, remnant life prediction as the basis for maintenance and replacement of non-metallic piping presents a considerable challenge. The ISO-14692 standard provides a methodology for qualification of GRP piping that uses data from tests carried out with potable water, which can be scaled using a factor for other service fluids, although a default value of 1.0 is commonly used. This paper extends that design practice specified in ISO-14692 by incorporating the chemical compatibility factors as described in EN 13121 for design of GRP tanks and vessels. This procedure is used to calculate a chemical de-rating factor for long-term hoop stress, in addition to the standard design lifetime factor defined in ISO-14692. The combined de-rating relationship is repurposed to evaluate the amount of degradation under the actual service conditions experienced by the piping. Examples of this approach are provided for non-metallic piping carrying a range of service fluids in an operating plant.

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Remote Data Integrity For Cloud Based Storage System

Product Number: 51216-010-SG

Author: Sravanthi Sukireddy, Ayad Barsoum

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

Cloud computing provides a reliable and robust infrastructure for users to remotely store and access huge amount of data. However, data integrity in the cloud is a major security concern for data owners no longer physically possess their sensitive data. To mitigate this challenge, remote data integrity has been proposed as a mechanism to enable data owners to verify the correctness of their outsourced data. The remote verification process needs to be done with reduced communication, computation, and storage overhead.

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Remote Monitoring Survey

Product Number: 51323-19260-SG

Author: Andreas Junker Olesen, Lars Vendelbo Nielsen

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Remote monitoring is becoming an increasingly more accepted way of gathering data from test stations. Not only because the value of having continuous data often exceeds that of performing spot-wise measurements in time, but also because the cost of collecting data manually is getting higher. Still, regulations require annual surveys to document the safe operation of pipeline CP systems.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance