AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Qualification Testing of Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coatings for Pipeline Exteriors

Product Number: 41206-288-SG

Author: Kenneth B. Tator

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

The selection of a coating for suitable use on the exterior of a pipeline is an important consideration due to the safety and cost consequences of potential corrosion. Because there are numerous fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) mainline and field joint coating systems available, the selection of the optimum coating system is as much an art as a science.

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QUALIFICATION TESTING OF LEAN DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS FOR THE PROCESS INDUSTRY

Product Number: 51312-01527-SG

ISBN: 01527 2012 CP

Author: Rachel Pettersson

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

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Qualitative Assessment of Corrosion Rate in Oilsands Slurry Pipeline

Product Number: 51317--8951-SG

ISBN: 8951 2017 CP

Author: Kofi Freeman Adane

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Corrosion rates in model oil sands coarse tailing slurries were investigated using a linear polarization resistance probe. Pilot-scale horizontal slurry flow loop of either unimodal (sand) or bimodal (sand and rocks) solid particles distribution mixed with municipal water.

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Quality Control and Quality Assurance: Defining the Roles and Responsibilities of the Contractor’s QC and the Owner’s QA

Product Number: 41205-177-SG

Author: Marke Kallio, Juha Mannila, Anne Vesa, Riitta Mahlberg, Anne-Christine Ritschkoff and Thomas Ohligschläger

Publication Date: 2005

$20.00

With the success of the SSPC painting contractor certification programs (PCCP) and increasing Owner requirements for both quality control (QC) by the contractor and quality assurance (QA) by third party inspectors, there is more confusion than ever over which types of inspections, and to what level of detail, should be performed by whom.

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Quality Work and Contractor Profitability

Product Number: 41207-374-SG

Author: Steve Revnew

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Producing quality work on time and within budget is the key to a profitable paint job. This presentation details a systematic approach for painting contractors on the key elements of profitability ― everything from managing labor and job cost to selecting quality products for better productivity is examined.

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Quality, Changing the Culture in Construction

Product Number: 41205-171-SG

Author: C. William Hames, Jr., Ron Rabine

Publication Date: 2005

$20.00

The construction industry has struggled to fully embrace the philosophy of defect prevention rather than detection as a quality objective. Quality is more often discussed in sales presentations and marketing literature than in strategic plans or board meetings. This paper explores quality principles and methodologies employed in the manufacturing industry over the past twenty years that have resulted in measurable performance improvements yet are not adopted by the construction industry.

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Quantification of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Injection Water Pipelines

Product Number: 51317--9343-SG

ISBN: 9343 2017 CP

Author: Uffe Thomsen

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

MIC-causing microorganisms were investigated in a 16” diameter and 9.6 km long injection water pipeline. Nitrate was added to the water and pigging debris from the pipeline showed that both sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), nitrate-utilizing bacteria, and methanogens were present in numbers of 105 – 106 cells/g.

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Quantifying Effect of Hydrogen and Sulfur in Mitigating Free Fatty Acid Corrosion in Renewable Diesel Applications

Product Number: 51324-20864-SG

Author: Sridhar Srinivasan; Winston Robbins; Gerrit Buchheim

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Production of Renewable Diesel (RD) and Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) from bio / natural oils has seen significant investment in recent years, stemming from worldwide government mandated need to reduce fossil fuel CO2 emissions. New investments have occurred in retrofitting / adapting existing refinery hydroprocessing infrastructure to process natural oils or coprocess natural oils blended with crudes to produce RD and SAF. This stems from the fact that natural oils have the hydrocarbon (HC) structures to fit within the mid-distillate fuel product such as diesel and aviation fuel as well as that these processes are optimized for removal of unwanted Sulfur and Oxygen removal. In Corrosion/2023, the authors introduced a molecular mechanistic model to quantify FFA corrosion as a function of temperature and FFA concentration. This model exploited the similarity of FFA to carboxylic acids, akin to naphthenic acids found in conventional refinery crude unit process streams, especially in case of unsaturated FFA. A key aspect of modeling corrosion for FFA is the inhibitive role of hydrogen in the presence of Iron sulfide species. While natural oils do not contain sulfur compounds, presence of reactive sulfur species such as thiols and sulfides in coprocessing applications provides an easy pathway to provide for the formation of a potentially protective nano barrier layer of FeS. Further, the presence of FeS acts as a catalyst towards dissociation of molecular H2 to atomic H and subsequent reduction of FFA through atomic hydrogen. A threshold H2 partial pressure is required to ensure hydrogen reduction of FFA is kinetically dominant when compared to acid corrosion of Fe. Residence time of acid is another key parameter that will impact propensity for corrosion and / or H2 inhibition and is considered in the development of the prediction model. A framework incorporating the effects of H2 partial pressure, residence time and reactive S concentration is proposed for assessing FFA corrosion for various commonly utilized natural oils in renewable applications.

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Quantifying High Temperature Corrosion

Product Number: 51321-16805-SG

Author: Y. F. Su; P. I. M. Stack; C. J. Stephens; K. A. Kane; S. Dryepondt; R. Pillai; B. A. Pint

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Quantifying High Temperature Corrosion in Renewable Diesel and Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

Product Number: 51323-19457-SG

Author: Sridhar Srinivasan, Winston Robbins, Gerrit Buchheim

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

In Corrosion/2021, the authors introduced a molecular mechanistic model that quantifies and predicts simultaneous naphthenic acid and sulfidation (SNAPS) corrosion rates. During Corrosion/2022, we presented the mechanistic corrosion prediction framework describing the molecular basis of the model’s reactions, kinetics, and mass transport of reactive organic sulfur compounds (ROSC) to vessel walls. In this molecular model, sulfidation corrosion is calculated for direct heterolytic reaction of ROSC with solid surfaces.

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Quantitative Assessment Of Failure Probability Of Underground Natural Gas Storage Wells Using An Integrated Bow-Tie Bayesian Network Approach

Product Number: 51322-17849-SG

Author: Francois Ayello, Narasi Sridhar, Arun Agarwal, Vincent Demay

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Underground natural gas storage (UGS) is an important component of the overall natural gas transportation and distribution system. It enables the utilities to supply natural gas during high seasonal demand periods and store gas during periods of lower demand. There are approximately 627 underground gas storage sites worldwide with a working gas capacity of 319.³ Billion m3 ( about 11.8 Trillion Cubic feet). The U.S. has a total of 414 natural gas storage fields, out of which 25 are inactive.

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Quantitative Evaluation of Oil Field Corrosion Inhibitors in the Laboratory: The First Step for Successful Application of Inhibitors in the Field

Product Number: 51319-12878-SG

Author: Sankara Papavinasam

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Time tested and proven methods to control corrosion are use of appropriate materials coating cathodic protection (CP) and corrosion inhibitors. All these methods must of selected based on rigorous and quantitative evaluation in the laboratory i.e. laboratory evaluation is the first step and it includes:<ol><li>Establishment of appropriate laboratory methodologies </li><li>Establishment of step by step procedures to conduct evaluation using the appropriate laboratory methodologies identified</li><li>Comparison of the test results obtained with standard reference test results (published by Standards making organizations such as NACE International ASTM International and CSA International based on inter-laboratory tests carried out under standard conditions)</li></ol>The above three steps are religiously and routinely carried out in the evaluation of materials coatings and CP and such requirements are incorporated in the regulations. Some common standards used for this purpose are:<ul><li>ISO15151/NACE MRO175 “Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries – Materials for Use in H2S-Containing Environments in Oil and Gas Production”</li><li>NACE SP169 “Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems” – See Criteria for CP (On-potential OFF-potential and 100-mV criteria)</li><li>CSA Z245.30 “Field-Applied External Coatings for Steel Pipeline Systems” – See for example one acceptance criteria: of cathodic disbondment: 24-hour cathodic disbondment test at 65oC producing less than 6.5 mm radius disbondment.</li></ul>The operators (e.g. laboratory technicians or field technologists) equipment and materials are qualified based on these criteria and these criteria are used as regulatory requirements in various countries. However such quantitative fundamental first step was not religiously followed in the evaluation corrosion inhibitors for oil field application. To address this several standards have been published over the past decade including ASTM G170 G184 G185 G202 G205 and G208 and NACE Technical Report 31215 (Laboratory Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors Used in Oil and Gas Industry) and some standards are being developed including NACE TG 550 “Standard Recommended Practice on Corrosion Inhibition Management for Oil and Gas Fields”.This paper:<ul><li>Presents tools techniques and data currently available to establish quantitative evaluation of corrosion inhibitors in the laboratory</li><li>Deliberates the responsibilities of oil and gas owners/operators tool developers inhibitor supplying companies inhibitor testing laboratories and regulatory body in establishing quantitative evaluation of corrosion inhibitors in the laboratory</li><li>Presents steps to effective and economically control internal corrosion using corrosion inhibitors in the oil and gas production transmission storage and distribution environments.</li></ul>

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance