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Polymers have played an essential role in development of technology, applied engineering, and materials. Metallic counterparts in medical, construction, energy, water treatment, and electronic applications, are often replaced by polymers. Their characteristics such as wide range of elasticity, strength and degradability make them ideal for numerous applications.
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This paper will present an overview of the current state of our national sewer system infrastructure; the current state of the art in design and construction technology for the wastewater treatment facilities; the current state of the art in protective coating technology for concrete in these facilities and structures.
The nuclear renaissance that is emerging in the United States will be based on new power plant designs from a variety of US and international sources. While the new plant designs will be based on the time tested and proven concepts of both the boiling water reactor (BWR) and the pressurized water reactor (PWR), the emphasis of the new plants will be on engineering designs that incorporate increased levels of redundancy in safety systems, and post-LOCA passive systems to move fluids about the reactor containment, thereby providing for long-term core cooling and decay heat removal, The new plant designs will include a strong emphasis on modular, off-site construction where more protective coatings will be applied in the fabrication shop.
Optimizing power generated from wind needs bigger improved designs and windy conditions, thus increasing installations offshore. As component costs decrease and processes improve, it can be profitable for farm developers to go further from shore into deeper waters and high-risk areas. In addition, the lifecycle expectancies of a coating system have developed along the way, moving from a typical >15 years expected lifetime in a given environment, to now >25 years.
Although moisture in the air and on the surface has always been a concern, psychrometrics has been a confusing and misunderstood area of the industrial coating business. Psychrometrics (the study of water in the air) is used every day in the HVAC and humidity control industries and the mechanical engineer or refrigeration professional may have a clear understanding of the concepts used in this realm.
Corrosion control and other organizational-level maintenance on U.S. Navy ships consume significant maintenance dollars and labor resources, while negatively affecting Sailors’ quality of life. The mission of the Preservation Team Initiative is to relieve Ship’s Force from performing selected preservation by utilizing qualified contractors, implementing best commercial engineering and technology practices, and using the most advanced coating systems approved for Navy use.
Tensile pull-off adhesion testing is becoming a more frequent specification requirement for in situ quality assurance testing to confirm proper surface preparation and adhesion of high performance protective linings applied to concrete. It is also becoming a widely used test for forensic analysis of protective linings in existing installations. There have been numerous investigations leading to the development of different devices and test pull-off adhesion methods used to assess bond strengths of mortars and overlay materials
Pull-off adhesion testing is widely used to assess the protective coating process. It is also used to determine if a coating is fit for service in new construction and for repairs to existing structures. The result is often critical to the acceptance or rejection of a coating process, as the adhesion value quoted by the paint manufacturer can be adversely affected by aspects of the coating process. Low adhesion values are indicative of premature failure of the coating and are often due to inadequate surface preparation of the substrate.
Vapor/wet blasting is proving to be an attractive method for surface preparation of steel, concrete, wood and other substrates. By using just enough media and water to suppress dust and achieve the desired production rates, Vapor Abrasive® blasting avoids the dusty side effects of dry blasting and the messy runoff generated by wet blasting. To achieve optimal results in Vapor Abrasive® blasting, the system must be properly matched for the job at hand.
Many bridge painting projects include steel repairs as part of the contract. Painting and steel repairs are performed by separate trades and often separate contractors. Even designers may see them as separate activities. However, steel repairs and coatings must work together and be installed as a system to perform as intended. This paper is a discussion about the process of installing steel repairs and painting a bridge at the same time.
This paper will discuss the crack growth rates measured for four different heats of HIP material and discuss possible relationships with hardness and stress intensity factor, along with considerations of grain size and features observed on the fracture surface.