AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Microbial and Compositional Analyses of Crude Pipeline Samples

Product Number: MECC23-20101-SG

Author: Fawziah S. Alajmi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) has been an emerging concern in the oil and gas industry. Pipeline networks of different services, such as sour crude, sweet crude, water, and gas are subjected to various corrosion types, including MIC from microbial activities present within these systems. Such microbial activities can hinder the pipeline integrity and lead to metal deterioration.

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Microbial Corrosion Diagnosis Using Molecular Microbiology Methods: Case Studies

Product Number: MPWT19-14427

Author: Xiangyang Zhu, Abdullah H. Wadei

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is one of the leading causes of equipment and pipeline failure in oil and gas industries. Cost-effective MIC management requires routine monitoring of microbial activities, periodic assessment of microbial risks in various operational systems, and accurate diagnosis of MIC failure. Traditionally, MIC diagnosis has been dependent on cultivation-based methods by inoculating liquid samples containing live bacteria into selective growth media, followed by incubation at a certain temperature for a pre-determined period of time. The conventional culturing techniques have been reported to severely underestimate the size of the microbial populations related to metal corrosion, among many inherited weaknesses of these techniques. As a result, accurate diagnosis of MIC failure is challenging because the conventional techniques often fail to provide a critical piece of evidence required for a firm diagnosis, i.e., the presence of corrosion-causing microorganisms in the failed metal samples. In this paper, we described applications of molecular microbiology methods in diagnosing MIC in a crude oil pipeline and crude processing facility. Molecular microbial analyses have provided a solid piece of evidence to firmly diagnose the MIC in a crude oil flow line, a stagnant bypass spool, and a global valve bypass pipe. The presence of a high number of corrosion-related microorganisms in upstream pipelines poses a high risk to downstream crude processing facilities for microbial contamination and corrosion failure in these facilities. An effective MIC management program should include routine monitoring of microbial activities and risk assessment, and effective mitigation program, such as scraping and biocide treatments.

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Microbiological Influenced Corrosion (MIC) in Florida Marine Environment

Product Number: 51317--9536-SG

ISBN: 9536 2017 CP

Author: Mayrén Echeverría Boan

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

A preliminary research to identify the possible susceptibility of a case study marine bridge infrastructure to MIC is the main objective. This will be supported by determining the bacteria, nutrient levels, environmental conditions and other factors that could support MIC.

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Microbiological Profile and Risk Exposures in Topside Production Systems of FPSOs in West Africa

Product Number: 51322-18017-SG

Author: Kingsley Oparaodu, Ibiba Braide

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The incidence and proliferation of microbial population in oil and gas production facilities can have undesirable consequences on upstream, midstream and downstream production systems. Microbes thrive in the anaerobic conditions encountered in these systems and are supported by nutrients and metabolites found in produced water. Although the majority of process and water injection systems are susceptible to microbial fouling, the development of microbial activity is exacerbated by specific conditions such as stagnant fluids or the presence of deposits.¹ Threats of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and other challenges associated with microorganisms have become valid as more cases are reported. While MIC, biofouling (BF), and reservoir souring are three of the most common problems associated with microbes, many other production issues can be attributable to microbial activity including: employee infections, filter plugging, loss of injectivity, and metal sulfide deposits.²

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Microbiologically Induced Corrosion Observed During Downhole Corrosion Inhibitor Trial

Product Number: 51319-13544-SG

Author: Moavin Islam

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The environmental conditions during downhole crude oil production can be very corrosive to the tubing string due to the presence of acid gases such as CO2. H2S high water cut and a large concentration of dissolved salts. It is also well known that certain species of bacteria can exist downhole which can potentially cause microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC) damage. While corrosion failures of tubing material due to acid gases etc. are quite well documented in the literature instances of proven downhole MIC failures are rare.During recent field trials for downhole corrosion inhibitors by a leading Middle East oil producer conclusive evidence was obtained which showed that MIC attack can indeed take place under downhole production conditions. In support of the findings the present paper will provide sessile bacteria analysis data as well as photographic documentation of MIC damage on coupons that were exposed under downhole operating conditions.Key Words: Downhole corrosion Microbiologically Induced Corrosion Corrosion inhibitors

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) by Halophilic (Salt-Loving) Nitrate and Sulfate-Reducing Microorganisms

Product Number: 51321-16284-SG

Author: Biwen Annie An/Hans-JörgKunte/Andrea Koerdt

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion by General Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria in Oil & Gas Separators

Product Number: 51320-14365-SG

Author: Amer Jarragh, Saleh Al-Sulaiman, Yousef Khuraibut, Hasan Bu Taleb, Dr. Ali Moosavi

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

By far, the microbiological species most associated with corrosion has been Sulphate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB). Majority of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) research has focused on the activities of this type of bacteria. One of the primary reasons for this has been the presence of iron sulfides in corrosion products associated with MIC. SRB reduce sulfates to sulfides, which then react with iron and steel. However, an accepted fact is that MIC is also caused by the action of the biofilm produced by bacteria, in a similar way to under-deposit corrosion.

The primary method used to prevent MIC in the oil and gas industry is by use of biocides. The criteria used for selection of biocides is often their proficiency to kill SRB. The danger with this is that one can neglect the ability of other bacteria frequently found in oil and gas environment, such as general aerobes and general anaerobes to cause corrosion by biofilm production. This became evident when severe general & pitting corrosion was observed in two oil and gas separators in one of the facilities in Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), where SRB levels were zero but significant numbers of sessile and planktonic general aerobes and general anaerobes were found to be present in the process.

Using microbiological and chemical analysis, the mechanism of this type of MIC, specially the relationship between the quantity of various biofilm-forming bacteria and nature and magnitude of corrosion has been studied and the findings are presented in this paper.

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Failure Of Ni-Coated Carbon Steel Fittings In Enhanced Oil Recovery Water Injection Service

Product Number: 51322-17793-SG

Author: Moavin Islam, Amal Al-Borno, Chad Walz

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper presents the findings of an investigation that was carried out to determine the root cause of the premature failure of Ni-coated carbon steel fittings on the water injection composite piping system installed at an oil production facility in Western Canada. The facility had been in operation since 2011 without major corrosion issues. Many of the Ni-coated fittings, which are expected to have a service life of 20 years, started to fail (developed leaks) unexpectedly after about 4 years. The core structure of composite pipe is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) inner pipe, a middle layer of high-strength dry fiberglass, and a protective thermoplastic outer jacket. The interconnecting fittings are made of carbon steel coated with a thin, ~40 micron (1.5 mil) layer of Nickel.

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion In A Gas Storage Well

Product Number: 51321-16680-SG

Author: Noelle Easter C. Co; Ryan D. Milligan; Ming Gao; Rudolf H. Hausler; Ravi M. Krishnamurthy

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion In Drinking Water Pipelines – Old Deposits Or Active Process?

Product Number: 51322-18068-SG

Author: Elsemiek Croese, Eelco Trietsch, Jentina Schuurman, Sabine Doddema

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the Netherlands, a large drinking water distribution system exists which composes of a complex network of underground pipes owned by several water companies. Part of the drinking water distributions pipes consist of cast iron pipes of which some have been installed more than 80 years ago.¹ To prevent leaks, it is desirable to have insight into the condition of these pipes and the risk of leakages or even pipe bursts. During local replacements and maintenance work, corrosion is regularly found in the pipes and previous research⁷ has indicated that Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) may be involved in this corrosion that is found in the pipes.

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Microbiology in a Geothermal Operation

Product Number: 51319-12818-SG

Author: Sabine Doddema

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A geothermic system faced serious injection obstruction problems two-and-a-half months after start-up. The obstruction was so severe that the operation was suspended and research was done in order to determine the cause. To solve the obstruction problem the system was treated downhole using acid and biocide. During this treatment dangerous amounts of H2S were released. This study was initiated to understand the reason of this problematic and give options for treatment and prevention. The results show high amount of bacteria in the obstruction material indicating that microorganisms caused the obstruction. The detected species were typical thermophilic species with optimal growth temperature at 40-60 ºC. The change in temperature in combination with the used oxygen scavenger containing nutrientsnecessary for microbial growth and activityis suspected to have caused the obstruction.The H2S formation was likely caused by a combination of biological FeS formation and the release of H2S by the addition of acid during cleaning. To prevent this type of issues biocide treatment is recommended not only during but also before operation is started. Alternatives for biocides have been investigated as well however more research is needed to understand the practical feasibility of those alternatives.

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Microstructural And Corrosion Studies Of Super-Duplex Stainless Steels Produced Via Additive Manufacturing

Product Number: 51321-16990-SG

Author: Nuria Fuertes; Nikhil Dixit; Sara Munktell; Anna Delblanc; Peter Harlin; James Shipley; Fredrik Falkenberg; Rachel Pettersson

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance