AMPP Store - AMPP Conference Papers

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Weldability And Corrosion Properties Of Austenitic Stainless Steel And Low Alloy Steel Manufactured Using PM-HIP Method

Product Number: ED22-18347-SG

Author: Gidong Kim, Seunghyun Kim, Kang-myung Seo, Yong-joon Kang, Sang Woo Song

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Powder metallurgy with hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP), which enables to densify powders in a furnace at high pressure and temperature is a newly developed manufacturing process for pressure retaining part in nuclear industry. It has advantages such as weld free near-net shape products, improved material properties for castings, short process time, saving in raw material costs, etc. EPRI have conducted several tests such as tensile test, impact test, chemical composition analysis on the manufactured samples for pressure retaining applications.

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Well Casing Cathodic Performance Review - Case Studies

Product Number: 51322-17688-SG

Author: Maryam Al Hashmi, Monica Fernandez, Hamed Al Habsi, Naveed Munir, Fatih Boluk

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oil and gas wells represent a large capital investment. It is imperative that corrosion of well casings be controlled to prevent loss of oil and gas, environmental damage, and personnel hazards, and in order to ensure economical depletion of oil and gas reserve. Wells placed in external corrosive environment shall be protected by appropriate barriers such as additional cemented casing, cathodic protection and coating to assure well casing integrity.

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Wet CO-CO2 Stress Corrosion Cracking in CCS Pipelines

Product Number: 51324-20669-SG

Author: Manoj Gonuguntla; Aruna V T; Johannes Sonke; Guruprasad Sundararajan

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is gaining greater importance in the industry transition to meet climate goals reducing carbon intensity. As the source of CO2 captured for sequestration widens to many more applications from oil and gas productions, power plants, refineries, chemical plants, steel manufacturing and other industries, the composition of the captured gas stream for sequestration sees various components. Some of the common impurities particularly from combustion processes are carbon monoxide, oxygen, SOx, NOx and others. Understanding the effect of presence of the various chemical species on material limits and maximum tolerance limits are crucial for safe operations of the assets. In one of the recent projects, there was a presence of CO in the CO2 stream, and it was imperative to identify the effect of this on the existing carbon steel pipeline. The pipeline was of X65 steel and fabricated for natural gas transmission. Wet CO-CO2 cracking is a reported degradation mode particularly as the CO concentration increases beyond 200 ppm in the gas phase or at partial pressures above 0.3 bar. This study is a combination of literature review of current state of art with respect to CO-CO2 cracking in carbon steel in presence of impurities and laboratory testing of welded X65 specimens exposed to CO concentration in dense (liquid) phase up to 1000 ppm and also in the presence of small concentrations of oxygen that also replicates some of the expected conditions in the project. The tests clearly indicate that the risk of CO-CO2 cracking is not significant up to the concentrations tested.

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Wet Tg: Understanding the Effect of Hot, Distilled Water on the Glass Transition Temperature, Barrier Properties, and Performance of Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coatings

Product Number: 51323-19470-SG

Author: Doug Smith, John M. Bronk

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Coatings are integral to a corrosion prevention strategy, especially with a multilayered system and cathodic protection. While these systems have redundancies and are designed with extended lifetimes, it is important to understand how each part of the system performs under stress. There are many coating chemistries out there for corrosion prevention, such as liquid epoxies and polyurethanes, but Fusion Bonded Epoxy systems have many favorable properties for scenarios that require the most cost-effective, resilient solution.

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Why Are Glutaraldehyde/Quaternary Ammonium Biocides So Common In The Oil And Gas Industry?

Product Number: 51322-17640-SG

Author: Ethan Solomon, Jon Raymond, Makensie Moore, Nigel Watson, Anup Rama, Nora Eibergen, Ken Wunch

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oil and gas operations worldwide are impacted by the presence of microorganisms. A variety of microorganisms can be found in the oilfield, dependent on the type of operation, geology, location, water source and water treatment utilized. Biocides are used in all stages of oil and gas development to control microorganisms and their detrimental impacts on production such as corrosion, biofouling, and souring. A wide number of biocides are used to control microorganisms, ranging from oxidizing biocides that react quickly but leave no residual activity, to preservatives which act slowly, but provide antimicrobial activity for weeks or months at a time. The spectrum of biocides used in oil and gas are covered by several excellent reviews and will not be detailed in this paper.

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Why Voltage Matters For High Voltage Holiday Testing On Steel

Product Number: 51322-17662-SG

Author: Cameron Walker, Vaughn O’Dea, Joshua Bell, Javier Tormes

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

A holiday is defined as a pinhole or discontinuity in a coating lining. These discontinuities are frequently very small and not readily visible and create a pathway for oxygen and an electrolyte to cause deterioration of the underlying substrate. These defects will tend to reduce the life expectancy of a coating in service, particularly if the service is to include immersion, such as the lining of a tank or a pipe.

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Wide range of buffering capasity of HLP solution for long term HIC testing under mildly sour condition

Product Number: 51322-18078-SG

Author: Daichi Izumi, Junji Shimamura, Nobuyuki Ishikawa, Takuya Hara, Kyono Yasuda, Taishi Fujishiro , Eiji Tada, Mitsuo Kimura

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In linepipes for transportation of natural gas, suppression of hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) caused by H₂S contained in the transportation medium is an important issue. HIC is a phenomenon in which hydrogen atoms generated by a corrosion reaction penetrate steel and are accumulated in the central segregation part and inclusions in the steel, internal pressure is increased by gasification, and finally cracks occur.

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Wireless UT Sensors For Structural Health Monitoring & Remote Operations In A Post COVID19 World

Product Number: 51322-17523-SG

Author: Steve Strachan

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

For decades, many asset owner/operators across the O&G value chain (and other critical industry segments) of upstream, midstream, & downstream have struggled to identify the root cause of fluctuating corrosion/erosion rates due to unreliable or infrequent data during various operating intervals on their most valuable of assets. This key missing data point has forced mechanical integrity teams, corrosion engineers, inspectors, and operations to, in many cases, make the best guess or hypothesize how to operate with a limited data set of information. In almost all cases, a time-based inspection or maintenance interval is used to gauge the useful lifetime of assets based on this limited data simply because these assets couldn’t give their owners a real-time health diagnostic of how they were doing … until now.

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Wireline Cable: Corrosion of Galvanized Armor Wires in Aqueous Drilling Fluids

Product Number: 51324-20674-SG

Author: John Staniland; Madhuri Gummadi; Anatoly Medvedev; Trevor Hughes; Evgeny Barmatov

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This paper describes a methodology for the investigation of corrosion of galvanized armor wires used in the construction of wireline logging cables. The methodology involves a detailed characterization of the wires to determine the characteristics of the zinc coating and Zn/Fe alloy zones. Model brine solutions and fully formulated drilling fluids were used to quantify the corrosion of galvanized armor wires in the aqueous fluid system (AFS) using weight-loss analysis and electrochemical techniques. A novel corrosion test protocol was developed to accurately measure both zinc dissolution and surface oxidation of the zinc coating. The degradation of the zinc coating was determined as a function of brine composition, oxygen concentration, pH, and temperature. The effectiveness of a grease coating applied to the wire sample surfaces prior to exposure to the brine was evaluated.

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Wonderful World of Solid Particle Erosion and Challenges in Erosion Testing and Modeling

Product Number: 51323-19003-SG

Author: Siamack A. Shirazi, Yeshwanthraj Rajkumar, Ronald Vieira, Thiana A. Sedrez, Soroor Karimi, Jun Zhang, Farzin Darihaki, Hadi Arabnejad

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Solid particles entrained in fluids can impact pipelines and equipment causing wear and material removal. Particle impact velocities that are affected by the carrier fluids have the largest effect on the magnitude and distribution of solid particle erosion rates in addition to the mass of impacting particles or the particle rates. In addition to the interaction of particles with the carrier fluids, particles interaction with solid materials makes this process highly complex and produces effects that are interesting and yet important to predict for practical engineering applications.

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Yeah, Examining the Impact of Overprotection on AC Corrosion: A Case Study Investigation

Product Number: 51324-20877-SG

Author: Ivano Magnifico

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The risk of AC corrosion has always been linked in particular to the parallelisms of underground pipelines with HVAC lines, especially in those geographical areas where the morphology of the territory creates obligatory so-called "technological corridors", and therefore forces the coexistence of different services over long distances. More recently, the greater diffusion of AC-powered railway networks has further increased the AC interfering sources, while the use of more performing coatings on underground pipelines has on the one hand increased their insulation from the surrounding soil, and on the other has increased the risk of overprotection compared to old, less performing, or more degraded coatings. This paper, starting from a real case found in a gas distribution network in a European big city, will present the normative criteria to be used to keep the AC corrosion risk under control, and will highlight how precisely the simultaneous presence of cathodic overprotection may result in an autocatalytic cycle leading to accelerated AC corrosion, in which monitoring becomes essential in order to be able to carry out on time the appropriate corrective actions.

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Zinc Sulfide Solubility Modeling In Aqueous Solution At High Temperature And High Pressure

Product Number: 51322-17763-SG

Author: Xin Wang, Zhaoyi Dai, Yue Zhao, Chong Dai, Saebom Ko, Samridhdi Paudyal, Xuanzhu Yao, Cianna Leschied, Amy T. Kan, Mason B. Tomson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The increasing need for fossil fuels has resulted in more aggressive drilling and exploitation in oil and gas production industry. As new explorations at more extreme conditions (i.e. high temperature and high pressure) become more frequent, new challenges arise in terms of drilling equipment, operation conditions and safe production. Among those challenges, the mineral scale deposition, as one of the serious problems both for the surface and subsurface oilfields, can cause pipelines plugging, equipment failure and decrease in production efficiency, even emergency shutdown.

AMPP Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance