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A test methodology is shown for field application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The method utilizes low-cost, accessible materials to secure a temporary solution cell to the infrastructure’s coated surface. A laptop computer provides the power source and operating system for the mobile potentiostat during EIS data collection. This data provides a quantitative measure of the coating condition. The objective of this work is to incorporate EIS testing into standard coatings inspection to estimate remaining service life for the intact coating, which improves coatings maintenance planning for facility owners.
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A century ago, automotive companies developed the laboratory salt spray corrosion test method standardized in ASTM B117. Even then they knew this quality control test did not produce realistic exposures. Wet-dry cyclic tests provided modest improvements in correlation and have been used in architectural applications for many years.
Moisture testing of concrete substrates has become a common practice in the floor coatings industry. Even though most contractors and field technicians are capable of performing the testing, they don’t really understand what the data they are collecting means, other than the acceptance criteria established by the product manufacturer of the coating or flooring being installed.
Test method used to evaluate film-persistent corrosion inhibitors for oilfield applications. Not uniformly accepted through the oil industry, but is outlined here to explain one common type of wheel test.
Methods used in the oil and gas industry to test and mitigate under deposit corrosion (UDC) in pipeline environments.
This guide covers and describes the factors that influence laboratory immersion corrosion tests, particularly mass loss tests. These factors include apparatus, sampling, test specimen, test conditions (test solution composition, temperature, gas sparging, fluid motion, solution volume, method of supporting test specimens, duration of test), methods of cleaning test specimens, imterpretation of results, and calulation of corrosion rates. This guide also emplasizes the importance of recording all pertinent data and provides a checklist for reporting test data.
This standard provides two separate test methods for evaluating protective coatings on any metallic substrate, such as steel, copper, aluminum, etc., so that the factors of both chemical resistance and permeability can be considered. The results obtained should give a good indication of what would happen on exposure to similar service conditions.
Protective coatings, as referred to in this standard, may be applied in liquid form (solution, dispersion, etc.); or dry form (powders); using spray, dip, roller, brush, trowel, or other appropriate application techniques.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
This standard addresses the testing of metals for resistance to cracking failure under the combined action of tensile stress and corrosion in aqueous environments containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This phenomenon is generally termed sulfide stress cracking (SSC) when operating at room temperature and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when operating at higher temperatures. In recognition of the variation with temperature and with different materials this phenomenon is herein called environmental cracking (EC). For the purposes of this standard, EC includes only SSC, SCC, and hydrogen stress cracking (HSC).
This standard addresses the testing of metals for resistance to cracking under the combined action of tensile stress and corrosion in aqueous environments containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This phenomenon is generally termed sulfide stress cracking (SSC) when operating at temperatures near or below ambient and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when operating at higher temperatures. In recognition of the variation in temperature and with different materials, this phenomenon is herein called environmentally assisted cracking (EAC). For the purposes of this standard, EAC includes only SSC, SCC, and hydrogen stress cracking (HSC).
This test method has been prepared to provide manufacturers, applicators, and users of internal pipe coatings with a method of comparing the performance of these coatings. The method used in this standard is not intended to correlate with any particular field performance but is intended solely to compare samples of internally coated tubular goods under uniform laboratory test conditions.
This NACE International standard has been prepared to provide users and manufacturers of embeddable anodes with a test method for evaluating the anode material to an expected lifetime criterion. Historical Document 1994
Four-point bend testing is used extensively in the oil and gas industry to evaluate resistance of metals to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion cracking. The face of the specimen to be tested is stressed in tension and the reverse face in compression. The test is carried out for a specified exposure period with the specimen held under constant displacement using compact loading jigs. The compact nature of the jigs enables testing of several specimens in the test vessel simultaneously. Despite the apparent simplicity of the test, there are many factors that can influence the test results. The purpose of this standard is to establish a reliable methodology for conducting the tests to enhance repeatability and reproducibility of test data. The results of the tests can then be used with greater confidence to rank the performance of metals, the relative aggressiveness of environments, and to provide a basis for qualifying metals for service application. As such, the standard will be of particular benefit to materials and corrosion engineers in the oil and gas sector and to test laboratories providing critical data.