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Traditionally, closed system treatment programs have involved adding corrosion inhibitor andperiodically testing for the residual. To be effective, these treatment programs must alsoinclude cleaning. This paper will discuss the various aspects that should be evaluated as part of a closed system treatment program.
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Pipeline quality gas is normally dried in Triethylene Glycol (TEG). This paper explores how TEG vapor can exist in a pipeline in a similar manner to water, and possibly lead to corrosion. TEG vapor can condense at long distances down a gas pipeline as the line cools.
Mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) is often injected in offshore gas transport lines to prevent the formation of gas hydrates (crystalline solids comprised of water and gas that form at low temperatures). Glycol is one of the most effective products for this purpose and acts to further lower the temperature at which hydrates would normally form. As such, it is called a thermodynamic inhibitor.
The thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor MEG is a robust choice for long distance gas-condensate tie-backs operating at low temperature. The possibility to regenerate and recycle the MEG enables cost effective operation with low discharges. The choice of regeneration process depends on the salt content of the produced water.
Injection of hydrocarbon gas is a common practice to enhance production rates from multiphase wells in the Oil and Gas industry. The gas used is normally dehydrated by a combination of compression and chemical treatments to reach a given dew point specification. The dry non-corrosive gas is injected to the production annulus and enters the production bore via a gas lift valve (GLV) located on the production tubing above the production packer.
A cold-worked carbon steel pulsation dampener located on a glycol circulation pump failed catastrophically in service. The two parts of the failed dampener were projected several tens of meters across the offshore facility. The failure was investigated initially using traditional metallurgical techniques, but this failed to reach a conclusive failure mechanism.
VOC was one of the paint emissions accused to be an environmental hazardous material and among the main causes for SBS (Sick Building Syndrome). The term SBS was coined in the late 1970's to describe situations where building occupants experienced acute health problems. “According to WHO (World Health Organization), 4.3 million people a year die from the exposure to in-house air pollution”