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Superduplex stainless steels have been used in seawater systems since 1986 as castings and since 1990 as wrought product. The present paper describes some of the service environments commonly in use and the conditions that give rise to specific operating potentials. The limits of use under these conditions are described utilizing both laboratory and service experience.
Evaluation of metal-based structures has relied on atmospheric exposure test sites to determine corrosion resistance in marine environments. This work uses surface chemistry and electrochemical techniques to interpret the chemical changes occurring on low carbon and stainless steel during atmospheric and accelerated corrosion conditions to find a correlation between its accelerated and long-term corrosion performance.