AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'hydrogen embrittlement'

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Hydrogen in Steels: A Critical Review and Recommended Practices

Product Number: 51317--9548-SG

ISBN: 9548 2017 CP

Author: Mark Sadowski

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

A summary of hydrogen bakeout history to remove hydrogen from a component. Existing recommendations regarding hydrogen bakeout in codes and standards. Results from an industry survey of energy producers. Proposed methodology for selecting bakeout parameters.

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Improving Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance Of Precipitation Hardened Nickel-Alloys

Product Number: 51321-16673-SG

Author: Luca Foroni, Carlo Malara

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Precipitation hardened (PH) Ni-alloys are widely used in the oil and gas industry since they provide an excellent combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. Their use in the manufacture of API1 6A pressure-containing and pressure-controlling components is subject to the stringent requirements of specification API Standard 6ACRA. However, matching the requirements of API Standard 6ACRA does not preclude susceptibility of some PH Ni-alloys to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) and this in some cases has led to premature and unexpected failures of components made from such
materials.(

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Influence Of Cold Deformation On Hydrogen Embrittlement By Determining The Critical Hydrogen Concentration In High Strength Steel For Wire Applications

Product Number: 51322-17639-SG

Author: M. Truschner, P. Gruber, J. Deutsch, J. Pengg, G. Mori, H. Köberl

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The threshold hydrogen content of a material regarding hydrogen embrittlement plays an increasingly important role in corrosion research. This value indicates the hydrogen content to which the material can be used without failure. However, when determining the threshold hydrogen content, different test methods, different analysis methods and different interpretations of the results come together. This paper is intended to provide a guideline for the determination of the critical hydrogen concentration of high strength steel wire samples.

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Influence of the Hardening Phases on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of Ni-Alloys based on UNS N07718

Product Number: 51320-14667-SG

Author: Julia Botinha, Bodo Gehrmann, Helena Alves

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

The Alloy UNS(1) N07718 is among the most used alloys in the oil and gas industry. Due to the presence of the alloying elements niobium, aluminum and titanium, this alloy is precipitation hardenable by the formation of the phases Gamma’ and Gamma’’. Although presenting excellent strength properties and good resistance in sour gas applications, this material is known to be susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement and most field failures are related to this limiting property.

The use of Alloy 718 (UNS N07718) for oil & gas applications is regulated by the API(2) 6ACRA1 standard and it is available in three different grades, the 120K, with minimum 120 ksi yield strength, the 140K, with minimum 140 ksi yield strength, and the 150K, with minimum 150 ksi yield strength. Previous studies showed that, due to the different hardening heat treatment parameters, each of the available grades presents a different precipitation behavior in terms of distribution and amount of precipitates, and the obtained microstructure is directly related to the resistance of the material to hydrogen embrittlement.

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Investigating Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of Ferritic Steels in High Pressure Hydrogen Gas

Product Number: 51324-20692-SG

Author: P. Bortot; M. Ortolani; M. Bellingardi; C. San Marchi; J. Ronevich

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Fatigue crack growth rate (FGCR) is essential knowledge for the design of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels, which are subject to repeated pressurization and depressurization cycles. High strength, low alloy steels are widely used for this application. However, these materials are known to be sensitive to hydrogen assisted cracking, meaning their crack growth rate under repeated cycles of pressurization and depressurization is significantly enhanced due to the interaction of hydrogen gas with the metal, compared to an inert environment. This work reviews existing literature on commonly used low alloy, quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels. Additionally, recently generated data on very high strength low alloy grades, as well as low carbon, low alloy, weldable steels are presented in comparison. These results illustrate common trends and similarities for FCGR in hydrogen gas and discuss differences in alloy design and manufacturing process parameters affecting materials performance in the target environment.

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Investigation Of Hydrogen Embrittlement Of A Low Alloy Disc Spring Material Exposed To Several Hydraulic Fluids Using Electrochemical Methods

Product Number: 51321-16853-SG

Author: Jie He; Peter F. Ellis II

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Investigation of Hydrogen Embrittlement of High Strength Pipeline Steels Under Cathodic Protection

Product Number: 51317--9255-SG

ISBN: 9255 2017 CP

Author: Lei Zhang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Pipeline steels higher than API X80 grade ad subject to hydrogen embrittlement risk induced by the hydrogen evolution effect under cathodic protection. This paper focuses on the hydrogen embrittlement behaviors of API X70, X80 and X90 high strength pipeline steel under cathodic protection in soil simulation conditions.

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Measurement of surface hydrogen concentration of steels in concreate with electrochemical hydrogen permeation method

Product Number: 51323-19016-SG

Author: Ryuta Ishii, Takuya Kamisho, Masayuki Tsuda

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

High-strength steel is one of the basic materials for supporting a well-functioning society. Prestressed concrete (PC) is a typical example of a material in which high-strength steel is used. In PC, tensile stressed steel is embedded inside the concrete, and internal bars apply compressive stress to the concrete for preventing cracks in concrete that is vulnerable to tensile stress. Moreover, corrosion inside the steel is suppressed by the alkaline environment in the concrete, so the concrete and internal bars basically work to compensate for each other's weaknesses.

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Microstructural Engineering of High Manganese Steels for Hydrogen Storage and Delivery

Product Number: 51323-19453-SG

Author: L. Cho, C. San Marchi, Y. Kong, J.A. Ronevich, P. Kathayat, J.G. Speer, A. Kosberg, K.O. Findley

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Stainless steels, e.g. 316 austenitic stainless steel, are commonly used in various hydrogen (H) delivery and storage applications, and the H embrittlement (HE) resistance of these steels is well-established. However, the alloying, particularly nickel (Ni), required to achieve the stable austenitic microstructure drives their relatively high cost and is a potential barrier to broad implementation of extensive infrastructure for the H economy. Figure 1 shows a plot of fracture toughness in H, KIH or KJH, versus yield strength for both austenitic stainless steels and lower alloy ferritic steels.

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Modifying Martensitic Steels to Reduce Susceptibility to Hydrogen Embrittlement by Heat Treatment and Mo Addition

Product Number: 51324-20964-SG

Author: Magdalena Eškinja; Gregor Mori; Gerald Winter; Jürgen Klarner; Holger Schnideritsch

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

On a global scale there is a tendency to substitute fossil fuels with cleaner and renewable sources of energy. In recent years, hydrogen appears to be a promising alternative to achieve energy transition. In this context, the new infrastructure for the hydrogen transportation and storage should be considered. Exposure of high-strength steels to hydrogen can result in the deterioration of the mechanical properties by the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). To prevent this phenomenon, pipeline steels can be modified by various means. One of the possible ways is to change the microstructural features by addition of carbide forming elements such as Mo. This paper aims to investigate the role of different Mo content as well as different heat treatment on susceptibility of two martensitic steels to HE. Hydrogen trapping behavior and permeation were investigated by means of electrochemical permeation test and Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS). Slow Strain Rate Tests (SSRT) of electrochemically charged steels were performed to elucidate mechanical performance. The carbide distribution and microstructure of the steels were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). The results implied that change of heat treatment leads to the control of Mo carbides size and dispersion and positively effects on HE susceptibility. Tempered martensitic steels with higher Mo content and modified heat treatment were found to be less susceptible to HE.

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NACE Publication 1F 192-2013-SG, "Use of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Oilfield Environments"

Product Number: 24010-SG

Publication Date: 2013

$109.00

Corrosion Resistant Alloys (CRAs) and issues of welding, fabrication, and assessment in oil and gas production. Environmentally assisted cracking. Technology gaps impacting the industry.

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On the applicability of welded J55 line pipe steel for underground hydrogen storage

Product Number: 51323-19131-SG

Author: Bernd Loder, Gregor Mori, Jürgen Klarner, Michael Fiedler, Thomas Willidal

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosive environmental media may lead to a significant degradation of the mechanical properties of the materials. Individual experimental investigation and analysis concepts are available at the Institute of General and Analytical Chemistry for the evaluation of different materials under pressurized hydrogen. Hydrogen technologies will enable decarbonization.

Products tagged with 'hydrogen embrittlement'

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