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Recently, it has become apparent that THPS, often used as a biocide in oilfield operations, also dissolves iron sulfide scales. The chemistry of this process is reviewed and a study of iron sulfide dissolution, over a range of conditions, is reported.
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The Thunder Horse project’s sub-sea flow-lines were installed in 6,000’ water depths and filled with chemically treated seawater. After 2 years, investigations were done to determine continued effectiveness of the chemical treatments.
In this paper the compatibility of the biocide tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) and the oxygen scavenger ammonium bisulfite (ABS) were explored. Performance testing of both the biocide in the presence of the oxygen scavenger and the oxygen scavenger in the presence of biocide are reported.
Observations and guidelines to conduct hydrostatic pressure tests of pipelines and/or process equipment. Concerns for hydrostatic pressure tests relate to the water itself, including any suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, or any Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) or Acid Producing Bacteria (APB) present in the test water.
Latest developments in iron sulfide dissolver studies. Lab tests performed to evaluate some new products for thermal stability, corrosivity, compatibility with formation water, and dissolving authigenic mineral and field deposits.
Sodium bisulfite oxygen scavenger is being applied in some sea water flood injection systems in the Gulf of Mexico. High corrosion rates were observed in one field during periods when oxygen scavenger injection rates were elevated.
Secondary oil production involves the injection of water into the reservoir, generally known as water flooding, to increase the reservoir pressure to its initial levels, to maximize the oil recovery out of the ground. The injected water flows through the formation to flush the oil from the formation into the production system. Injection systems are the portion of the field that is responsible for injecting the water into the formation. Source of water may be lake, river or sea water.
Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium Sulfate (THPS) is a very common active ingredient in oil and gas biocides. While product labels provide broad guidelines application dosing the lowest effective dose of THPS is difficult to determine. Site water chemistry and bacteria biology variability will affect the dose need to achieve the desired level of bacteria population control. For these reasons biocide dose response studies are commonly conducted on solutions containing bacteria to determine the effect of treatments before application.