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Polymer Architecture Effect On Zinc Ions Stabilization In Aqueous Systems

Picture for Polymer Architecture Effect On Zinc Ions Stabilization In Aqueous Systems
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Fouling of equipment surface by unwanted materials is a well-documented problem in
industrial water systems.1 The foulants are generally classified into four categories: a)
mineral scales i.e., calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, magnesium
hydroxide, etc., b) corrosion products i.e., iron oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, etc., c)
microbiological mass i.e., bacteria, algae, fungi, and other organisms, and d) deposits
i.e., clay, silt, calcium-inhibitor salts, corrosion products, etc.

Product Number: 51322-17727-SG
Author: Zahid Amjad, Peter G. Koutsoukos, Panagiota D. Natsi
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings and Linings , Coatings
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The zinc ion stabilization efficacy of synthetic, biodegradable, hybrid, and natural
polymers has been studied. The results show that performance of polymers tested
strongly depends on the polymer architecture. Based on the data collected, the
performance of synthetic polymers may be ranked as follows: ter- > co- > homopolymers.
For hybrid polymers the trend is CMI-25 > CMI-15. It has also been found that among
carboxyl containing homopolymers synthetic polymers perform better than bio- and
natural polymers. The precipitate consisted mainly of zinc oxide which was predominant
at the experimental conditions, with plate like crystallites with a wide particle size
distribution. The presence of low dosage of acrylic acid homo- and terpolymers did not
have any effects on the morphology of the precipitated crystals but showed reduction in
zinc oxide particle size.

The zinc ion stabilization efficacy of synthetic, biodegradable, hybrid, and natural
polymers has been studied. The results show that performance of polymers tested
strongly depends on the polymer architecture. Based on the data collected, the
performance of synthetic polymers may be ranked as follows: ter- > co- > homopolymers.
For hybrid polymers the trend is CMI-25 > CMI-15. It has also been found that among
carboxyl containing homopolymers synthetic polymers perform better than bio- and
natural polymers. The precipitate consisted mainly of zinc oxide which was predominant
at the experimental conditions, with plate like crystallites with a wide particle size
distribution. The presence of low dosage of acrylic acid homo- and terpolymers did not
have any effects on the morphology of the precipitated crystals but showed reduction in
zinc oxide particle size.

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Various austenitic stainless steels such as UNS S30409, S31609, S32109 and 34709 are widely used in complex refinery or chemical plants at temperature ranges between 550°C and 950°C. However, Stress Relaxation Cracking (SRC) in welded joints or cold deformed parts has been a serious problem during fabrication or operation. Several researches were conducted to construct SRC test methods. This included the evaluation of SRC susceptibilities among various austenitic stainless steels and to determine SRC mechanism within TNO Science and Industry or JIP1-4. It was concluded that SRC was caused by the accommodation of strain due to both carbide/nitride precipitation hardening inhibiting dislocation movement and the formation of precipitation free zone along the M23C6 carbide at grain boundary during stress relaxation process of welding residual stresses at temperatures between 550°C and 750°C.
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Ph-Responsive Copolymers As Silica Scale Inhibitors

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Silicon is an important element of our Planet’s crust, which is transferred into water streams through dissolution.1 Hence, it is usually found as water-soluble silicate or colloidal silica in natural surface waters (sea, rivers, lakes), or underground waters. When such water is used for industrial purposes (eg. industrial cooling), silicate can enter the operating system and can pose a threat to its proper operation. The main reason is the solubility of amorphous silica, a product of the silicate polycondensation process.
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