AMPP Store - Online Conference Paper

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Cathodic Protect Area Of Influence Study

Product Number: 51321-16877-SG

Author: Jared Pannell; Naga Vijayasankaran; Elens van Roggen Corrpro

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Cathodic Protection (CP) System at Gas Wells Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Product Number: MPWT19-14286

Author: Mohammed M Alsaaq

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

A cathodic protection (CP) system reduces corrosion by minimizing the difference in potential between the anode and the cathode. This reduction can be achieved by applying a current to the structure to be protected from an electrical source. When enough current is applied, the whole structure will be at one potential, thus anode and cathode sites will not exist. CP is commonly used on many types of structures, such as pipelines and underground storage tanks.
The paper is about an effort to improve Southern Area Gas Producing Facilities’ (SAGPF’s) CP system in compliance with all related Saudi Aramco standards, procedures, and GIs, and provides in depth analysis and recommendations to mitigate CP system challenges, and to make CP system reliable. In addition, the study aims to identify key tasks to minimize the effect of component failures and to increase the reliability of SAGPF remote monitoring units, to get accurate data. The onsite CP system survey was performed from April 26 to September 30, 2018, for all SAGPF. This paper is focused on the major challenges, such as equipment failures, operational deficiencies, and technical recommendations to make the CP system efficient and reliable.

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Cathodic Protection as a Sustainability Tool - When Done Properly

Product Number: 51324-20748-SG

Author: Cal Chapman

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This presentation describes how the term sustainability is, and has been, applied by NACE International, by the Society for Protective Coatings (also called SSPC), by now what is known as the Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP), and by other organizations historically to achieve sustainable operation, maintenance, and service life extension of high-value physical assets and infrastructure. Further, it describes how cathodic protection work, when properly performed, provides a sustainability function for buried or submerged metal assets. These asset types include a wide range of physical structures, processes, and vessels, in industries as diverse as maritime transport, oil and natural gas production, water production and wastewater management, mining, petroleum refining and distribution, electrical generation and distribution, food production, and even medical devices.

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Cathodic Protection -Based Solutions For Corrosion Prevention Of “Green Aluminum” Alloys

Product Number: 51322-17823-SG

Author: Marco Bandiera, Arianna Pavesi, Alessandro Mancini, Bozhena Tsyupa, Andrea Bonfanti, Massimiliano Bestetti, Federico Bertasi

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the recent years, the reduction of the environmental footprint of industrial processes is gaining momentum, targeting the carbon neutrality. This also involves Aluminum industry, in which the use of secondary (e.g. recycled) alloys is a possible solution in order to decrease the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Indeed, raw materials produced starting from secondary Aluminum show GHG emission values up to one order of magnitude lower with respect to their primary equivalents.

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Cathodic Protection Challenges in a Saudi Aramco Remote Pipelines Corridor

Product Number: MECC23-19915-SG

Author: Ahmad A. Almalki; Naim M. Dakwar

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

External corrosion of underground pipelines is being controlled by the use of latest technologies in protective coatings and by maintaining adequate levels of cathodic protection (CP). The role of the coating is to act as a physical and dielectric (non-conductive) barrier to isolate from the surrounding electrolyte and to limit the CP current requirement. The protective coating acts as the primary or first line of defense against corrosion; however no coating system is perfect and will subject to degradation with time, in addition to some voids/holidays during application, transport, and operations.

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Cathodic Protection Design and Commissioning for Sheet Piles Using SACP Aluminum Anodes

Product Number: MECC23-19890-SG

Author: Ahmad Moustafa Rajab

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Steel sheet piles are widely used in permanent earth retaining and structural foundation works. In the majority of circumstances, they can be used in an unprotected condition, such conditions are when the steel piles does not required any coating or cathodic protection system to be protected and depends solely on the corrosion allowance calculations The degree of corrosion and whether protection is required depends upon the working environment - which can vary even within the same project location.

In general, marine environments are the most corrosive and unpredictable. In the few meters of vertical zoning which most structures encompass, parts of the sheet piles are in contact with soil, and exposed to seawater immersion, inter-tidal, splash and marine atmospheric environments.

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Cathodic Protection Implications of Solar Facilities on Adjacent Pipeline Infrastructure

Product Number: 51323-19090-SG

Author: Wolfgang Fieltsch, Keith Parker

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

As oil and gas operators ramp up their efforts to reduce their carbon footprint, more and more renewable energy projects will be constructed adjacent to pipeline infrastructure and facilities. This can compromise the corrosion protection systems designed to protect the existing pipeline infrastructure and can result in both AC and DC interference risks. There is very little literature related to the cathodic protection (CP) system impacts and interference risks of renewable energy projects on pipeline infrastructure, and how best to mitigate the risks.

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Cathodic Protection Monitoring In Water And Wastewater Systems

Product Number: 51322-17655-SG

Author: Jamey Hilleary

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In 2002 NACE International published a cost of corrosion study backed by the U. S. Federal Highway and Safety Administration estimating the annual cost of corrosion in the U. S. to be $276 billion. In the more detailed breakdown of these costs by industry/market segment the cost associated with the water and wastewater utilities segment in the “Utilities” category was estimated at $36 billion. The water and wastewater utilities segment represented the single largest cost segment in the study. The $36 billion estimate for this single segment of the Utilities category represented more cost than any of the other four categories: Transportation, Infrastructure, Government, and Manufacturing & Production.

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Cathodic Protection Of Mooring Chain In Offshore Environment

Product Number: 51322-17722-SG

Author: Faisal Shahzad, Nils Olav Digre, Kristian Varne

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion in Mooring systems for permanently moored floating production units has been identified as a problem area by authorities as well as industry. A Joint Industry Project (JIP) initiated by the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) with participation from major global oil and gas operators as well as equipment suppliers was established in 2014 to review the problem area. ¹ Studies performed as a part of this program have shown that especially mooring chains located in tropical waters have shown signs of rapid corrosion, both general and localized with corrosion rates significantly larger than those specified in design standards. Increased corrosion allowance, as well as increased inspection requirements, have been recommended and corrosion has been reported as the leading cause for pre-emptive replacement of mooring.

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Cathodic Protection Optimization Using Integrated External Corrosion Management

Product Number: 51324-20917-SG

Author: Keith Parker; Trey Johnston; Christophe Baeté

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Monitoring and maintaining cathodic protection systems is a significant effort for operators each year. Annual survey locations are typically established at features such as casings and foreign pipeline crossings where abnormal operating conditions could result in elevated corrosion rates. Additional test stations are commonly located such that a maximum spacing is not exceeded and installed at locations of convenience, but it is unclear which test station locations provide meaningful data with respect to external corrosion risk. This paper reviews findings of a collection of case studies performed by the Integrated External Corrosion Management (IECM) team since 2021. Process improvements, assessment results, and high-level economic analysis for selected case study pipeline segments will be reviewed and discussed.

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Cathodic protection shielding and prevention of the corrosion under disbonded coating in soils

Product Number: 51323-19248-SG

Author: Erwan Diler, Nicolas Larche, Jean Vittonato, François Castillon, Sylvain Fontaine, Thierry Kerzerho, Patrice Lucas, Eric Agel

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Organic coatings protect the underlying metallic substrate against corrosion by acting as a barrier to corrosive species such as water, ions, and oxygen. Unfortunately, coatings might contain defects and could degrade or disbond under some environmental conditions, resulting in favorable pathways for such corrosive species.

Barrier protection is one of the modes by which intact coatings provide protection to metal substrates through a reduction of the transport of materials, ions, or charge.

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Cathodic protection within narrow gaps of offshore wind turbine foundations

Product Number: 51320-14750-SG

Author: David Buxton, Petra Ernst, Gareth John, Tom Wewer

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Cathodic protection (CP) is routinely applied to the external surfaces of offshore wind turbine monopile foundations to minimize corrosion. When the monopile internals are free-flooding, and therefore also exposed to oxygenated seawater, again, cathodic protection may be applied. In cases of unplanned water exchange through cable entry seals, a small additional surface area, in a gap between the seal and the ‘cable entry hole’ through the steel monopile is then exposed to flowing seawater. Cathodic protection calculations were undertaken to assess whether protection (either applied externally or externally and internally) could penetrate into the small gap and prevent corrosion.