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Electrochemical Model of CO2 Corrosion in the Presence of Quaternary Ammonium-type Corrosion Inhibitor Model Compounds

Product Number: 51319-13392-SG

Author: Juan Dominguez Olivo

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The oil and gas industry utilize surfactant-type organic corrosion inhibitors as a way to mitigate internal pipeline corrosion. Changes in corrosion rates due to inhibitor addition have been related to adsorption isotherms as a function of the inhibitor concentration. However the question as to how a corrosion inhibitor affects the electrochemical reactions governing CO2 corrosion remains unclear. This research proposed to investigate the aforementioned question by using a systematic approach: four different corrosion inhibitors synthesized in-house were utilized to determine the effect of the tail length on the activation energy of the electrochemical process underlying the corrosion of an API 5L X65 steel in CO2 corrosion at pH 4. The corrosion inhibitors all contained the same head group (dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium) with four different alkyl tail lengths (C4 C8 C12 and C16). A theoretical description of the increase in the activation energy of the electrochemical process underlying CO2 corrosion due to the presence of the corrosion inhibitors was proposed. Such a description also led to the development of a modified Butler-Volmer equation that describes the retardation in charge transfer rates of the electrochemical reactions associated with the corrosion of mild steel. The model is based upon changes in activation energy calculated by an Arrhenius plot. The model was compared with experimental potentiodynamic sweeps for each corrosion inhibitor model compound. As a result the corrosion model predicts the corrosion rate and the open circuit potential in the presence of a corrosion inhibitor with reasonable accuracy.

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Electrochemical Model of Sour Corrosion of Mild Steel - Validation at High H2S Partial Pressures

Product Number: 51317--9098-SG

ISBN: 9098 2017 CP

Author: Saba Navabzadeh Esmaeely

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

H2S corrosion mechanisms, specifically at high partial pressures of H2S (pH2S), have not been extensively studied because of experimental difficulties and associated safety issues. The current study was conducted under well-controlled conditions at pH2S of 0.05 and 0.096 MPa.

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Electrochemical Noise Measurements for Assessing Level of Corrosion Protection Being Afforded by a Coating to External Metal Structures Using a Hand-Held Portable Device

Product Number: 51318-10860-SG

Author: Michael T. Woldemedhin / Chi Lee / Brian Skerry / Douglas J. Mills

Publication Date: 2018

$20.00

A portable electrochemical noise measuring device has recently been developed to evaluate the corrosion-protective properties of anti-corrosive coatings in-service.

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Electrochemical Parameters of Aluminum Oxide Film in Situ During Anodization of Aluminum by White light-Optical Interferometry

Product Number: 51319-12837-SG

Author: Khaled Habib

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

A combination of Fabry-Pérot interferometry i.e. white light-optical interferometry and the DC electrochemical method have been used for the first time in situ to measure the aluminum oxide film thickness and anodic current density of aluminum oxide films in 06 and 10% sulfuric acid solutions (H2SO4). The calculated values of the anodic current density by Fabry-Pérot interferometry were verified by the DC electrochemical method and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The corresponding thickness of the aluminum oxide film to the anodic current density was determined by Fabry-Pérot interferometry under a potentiostatic potential of 9 V with respect to the open circuit potential of the aluminum samples in the H2SO4 solutions for 90 minutes. The obtained thickness of the aluminum samples by Fabry-Pérot interferometry was verified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and compared to values that were obtained by the EIS. The calculated anodic current density by Fabry-Pérot interferometry was found in agreement with those of the DC electrochemical method. In contrast the calculated anodic current density by Fabry-Pérot interferometry was found in a slight discrepancy with data obtained by the EIS.Keywords. Aluminum Aluminum oxide film Fabry-Pérot interferometry Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) Anodic current density and Sulfuric acid.

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Electrochemical Studies Of Stainless Steels In Hanford Effluent Treatment Facility Environments

Product Number: 51321-17001-SG

Author: Kathleen Sherer; Sandeep Chawla; Ken Evans; Brandon Rollins; Narasi Sridhar; John Beavers; Shawn Campbell; Ted Venetz

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Electrochemical Testing Of Additive Manufactured Ti6al4v And Niti Materials In A Biological Fluid Environment

Product Number: 51321-16540-SG

Author: Elizabeth Trillo/ Carl Popelar

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Electrochemical Testing To Predict Corrosion Performance on Various Aluminum Alloys

Product Number: 51321-16292-SG

Author: Dr. Catherine A. Munson/Dr. Sjon Westre/Alex Westre

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Electrochemistry of Mackinawite Electrodes in Sour Aqueous Solutions

Product Number: 51317--9319-SG

ISBN: 9319 2017 CP

Author: Morten Tjelta|

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The main objective was to obtain current-potential relations for iron sulfides which can be taken into a modelling framework, thereby allowing the estimation of the galvanic coupling between carbon steel and iron sulfides under different environmental conditions.

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Electrode Tool Logging Approaches for Casing Inner Coating Monitoring

Product Number: 51320-14795-SG

Author: Gang Guo, Qiongwei Li, Bihai Cheng, Wenwei Lu,Lihua Yang, Zhiping Zhou

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

To control the casing's severe CO2 inner corrosion and minimize damage to oil wells drilled into the Yan'an formation of Jurassic reservoirs; internal plastic coating was applied to the portion of the casing below the dynamic liquid level (nearly 700 m) for each of the more than 4000 wells drilled over the last 10 years. Considering the cost factor, it was not economic for the whole wellbore to have internal coating, so only the section with serious internal corrosion was internally coated with a modified epoxy-phenolic.

This kind of modified epoxy-phenolic coating has excellent mechanical and anti-corrosion performance. But it’s difficult to analyze the long term aging or local mechanical damage of downhole inner coating. New approaches by electrode logging tools have been studied for monitoring the inner coating.

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Electrodeposited Zinc Based Plating on Premium OCTG Connections as an Alternative to Storage and Running Dope: Corrosion Performance evaluation.

Product Number: 51319-13274-SG

Author: Alexandre FRANCOIS-HEUDE

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The use of dry coating on Premium OCTG connections to replace both storage and running compounds presents numerous benefices for end-users. It keeps the well clean by preventing the discharge of dope to the environment. Into the well bore it reduces the operational costs by elimination of storage dope cleaning and running dope application and it improves the running performances.The solution that has been developed combines an electrodeposited zinc based metal plating which provides anti galling properties and protects the steel from corrosion in storage conditions and an organic topcoat to control the friction coefficient and to improve the running performances. An intensive test program has been performed to assess marine atmospheric corrosion performances during storage on yard and evaluate crevice corrosion in H2S environment with this dope-free solution. Atmospheric corrosion was evaluated after long-term exposure to natural environments and accelerated cyclic corrosion tests in laboratory. Crevice corrosion was assessed through specifically designed high pressure and high temperature corrosion tests in autoclaves.

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Electrodeposition of Aluminum on a Stainless Steel Substrate from Ionic Liquids

Product Number: 51319-13591-SG

Author: Steven Kopitzke

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Galvanic corrosion is a serious issue that affects all aircraft platforms within the Naval Aviation Enterprise. Due to tolerance constraints or other design limitations deposition of a metal film as a sacrificial coating is utilized as a method of protection. One such process is the deposition of aluminum onto high strength steel substrates via the ion vapor deposition (IVD) process. While this process is effective in mitigating corrosion the facilities required to perform this task are highly specialized and the deposition process is line-of-sight only. To address these shortfalls we have developed a method allowing for the electrodeposition of aluminum onto stainless steel using ionic liquid chemistries. This increases the ease with which the system could be installed on-site while increasing the rate at which components could be repaired. To achieve this concept an alternative type of plating bath chemistry was adopted focusing on utilizing ionic liquids to provide the necessary chemical and electrochemical features necessary for aluminum deposition. This chemistry coupled with an optimized pulse plating process had led to a system which can successfully deposit high quality pure aluminum onto A286 stainless steel providing protection against galvanically-driven corrosion.

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Electrolessly Coated Optical Fibers for Distributed Corrosion Monitoring

Product Number: 51319-13499-SG

Author: Ruishu Wright

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

To develop a distributed optical sensor for corrosion monitoring metallic thin films were deposited onto optical fibers through electroless plating. The conditions and procedure for electroless deposition were developed to obtain the optimal metallic coatings on optical fibers. The coated optical fibers were tested in CO2-saturated 3.5%wt. NaCl solutions at 30 oC. The optical transmission through the coated optical fiber was measured and served as a parameter for corrosion detection and quantification in the tested environment. Surface analyses using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed on the metallic thin films. The distributed corrosion monitoring was realized using an optical backscattered reflectometer system which provides the spatial profile of corrosion along the fiber.

NACE Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance