AMPP Store - NACE Conference Papers

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Corrosion Under Insulation on Industrial Piping – A Holistic Approach to Insulation System Design

Product Number: 51319-13042-SG

Author: Mark Swift

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) on industrial piping is a major issue for oil and gas industry. The potential influence of applied thermal and acoustic insulation materials is normally assessed through a series of individual laboratory tests on the insulation materials themselves but very rarely on the applied system. Moreover the tested physical values do not necessarily and readily reflect the potential influence that a given insulation material or system has on the risk of CUI.A more sophisticated approach is proposed which takes into account not only the applied insulation system but also the CUI failure behaviour and water or water vapour ingress and retention processes. This approach allows the individual risk assessment of the applied insulation systems against different scenarios of water ingress to be performed. Other influencing factors for the risk assessment include the configuration of the insulation system (e.g. insulation materials aluminium barrier foil outside claddings) and specified construction or installation methods.It is hoped that the approach proposed in this paper will enable the reader to improve their knowledge of insulation materials and their influence on CUI risk and furthermore be able to better identify vulnerable areas on the facility where CUI is likely to occur thereby allowing appropriate CUI management strategies to be developed and implemented.

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Corrosive Gases and Electrical Equipment Failure in Pulp and Paper Mills

Product Number: 51319-13176-SG

Author: Sean Cornelious

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Corrosive gases either present in the environment or generated as byproducts of manufacturing are posing an elevated threat across the pulp and paper industries. As the presence of computer processes and automated control systems are increasing within said industries in order to streamline manufacturing and mitigate costs corrosive gases pose a crucial concern.Electrical and electronic equipment has become increasingly sophisticated and sensitive where the direct and indirect costs of failure can be significant. However with the installation of gas phase monitoring and filtration systems the risk of corrosive damage to electronic equipment can be dramatically reduced.Through this presentation we will explore methods for identification and quantification of typical gases responsible for corrosion of electrical and electronic equipment within the pulp and paper industry. We will also present a basic introduction to filtration technologies readily available to reduce the threat of corrosion of control systems.

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Corrosivity and Corrosion Inhibiting Characteristics of Sulfonate-Functionalized Triethylammonium and Pyridinium-Type Brønsted Acid Ionic Liquids

Product Number: 51319-12987-SG

Author: Shuyun Cao

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The corrosion behavior of mild steel in two Brønsted acid ionic liquids (BAILs) with different cationic centers triethylammonium and pyridinium-type was electrochemically investigated in non-aqueous and aqueous conditions at 25°C.A relatively wide passivation region (0-2.1 V) was clearly observed for mild steel and a lower corrosion rate was observed for both BAILs at 25°C. The Brønsted acidity of these BAILs is not proportional to corrosion rate of the mild steel therein. In addition the different adsorption centers on each BAIL molecule namely their sulfonate group along with either a quaternary ammonium or pyridinium structural motif means they can possess different inhibiting characteristics as well as modes of adsorption at metal surfaces.Based on these electrochemical results the inhibition ability of both BAILs in 0.5 M HCl solution against acid corrosion of mild steel was investigated at various concentrations at 25°C using gravimetric measurements. The pyridinium-type sulfonate-functionalized IL did not contribute to corrosion protection of the steel surface while the triethylammonium-type sulfonate-functionalized IL had an inhibition efficiency of ca. 40%.Keywords: Corrosion Inhibition HCl BAILs Mild Steel

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Corrosivity Assessment Of New Gas Transmission Lines

Product Number: 51321-16973-SG

Author: Yahya T. Al-Janabi

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Corrosivity Mapping as a Fundamental Tool in Assessing the Integrity of the Distribution/Transmission System for the Electricity Trust of South Australia

Product Number: 51393-93638-SG

Author: King, G.A.

Publication Date: 1993

$20.00

The aggressiveness of the atmospheric environment can be assessed by measurement of climatic and pollution factors, or by determination of the corrosion rates of metals and coatings. The latter is a low cost technique which has traditionally been employed at single isolated sites with different types of environments. This approach does not, however, adequately portray the levels of corrosivity across a city or region which can vary by an order of magnitude. A technique has been devised at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) in which specimens are exposed across a grid of contiguous sites and the results computer contoured to generate corrosivity maps. A new method of h hyperbolic interpolation of the data has been developed to model corrosivity approaching the coastline. The paper presents results from surveys around an industrial point source of S02, conducted over two different periods. The technique of corrosivity mapping was demonstrated to be a sensitive indicator of localized zones of enhanced corrosion, and the two maps reflected changed conditions in the plant's operation in the two periods. The paper also discusses corrosion mapping in countries other than Australia and examines the costs of such exercises and the potential savings they can provide.

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Corrosivity Of Crude Pyrolysis Oils Made From Different Feedstocks On Transportation And Storage

Product Number: 51321-16574-SG

Author: Xue Han/ Yimin Zeng

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Covering Your Assets

Product Number: 41206-274-SG

Author: Nicholas S. Papleacos

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

A successful business relies upon the ability to accumulate wealth. That wealth can come in many forms: increased value of business, real estate, personal possessions, investments, or even other businesses. Have you thought about the circumstances that could take away some or all of what you have worked to accumulate?

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CP of Steel in Soil: Temporospatial pH and Oxygen Variation as a Function of Soil Porosity

Product Number: 51321-16313-SG

Author: Federico Martinelli/Ueli Angst

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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CP Shielding and Pipeline Coatings

Product Number: 41206-285-SG

Author: Greg Ruschau

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Shielding of cathodic protection (CP) by pipeline coatings poses a serious threat to pipeline integrity. The difficulty in pipeline coating selection to avoid shielding is that the same properties that make a pipeline coating a good corrosion mitigation material can also lead to CP shielding. The key to proper coating selection is to select a coating that has the necessary properties to provide good corrosion protection but also one that, when disbondment and failure occurs, fails in such a way to allow effective cathodic protection.

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CP upgrade options for aboveground storage tanks

Product Number: MPWT19-14297

Author: Mohammed Alotaibi

Publication Date: 2019

$0.00

Storage tanks are the primary means for storing large volumes of liquids and gaseous products. Metal
loss from internal and external corrosion can reduce the service life of a tank. It is important to maintain
the integrity of steel storage tanks for safety, economic, and environmental reasons.
Saudi Aramco implemented three different scenarios of cathodic protection (CP) during bottom plate
replacement for three typical tanks. The tanks’ bottom plates were replaced based on thickness
measurements and visual inspection that revealed severe corrosion from soil. The main reason for
such corrosion was due to the asphalt layer underneath the tank. It was considered during the
replacement of the bottom plate to provide a reliable external (CP) and leak detection system. The
purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the experience gained from executing CP upgrades, and to
provide the best option to ensure integrity, cost saving and fewer shutdown periods.

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CRA Failures in Refining Operations

Product Number: 51319-12886-SG

Author: Sudhakar Mahajanam

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Corrosion Resistant Alloys (CRAs) are routinely utilized to mitigate against the complex damage mechanisms encountered in refining operations that carbon and low alloy steels are highly susceptible to. However CRA materials can suffer similar corrosion damage when improperly manufactured or exposed to aggressive environments. In this paper three modes of CRA failure observed at a client’s site were analysed in a lab and mitigation strategies proposed.Tower trays near the top of a crude tower made of 410S martensitic stainless steel failed as a result of localized undersalt corrosion due to formation of amine hydrochloride salts. Appropriate crude pre-treatment was implemented to mitigate this corrosion mechanism.Inconel 625 flexible hoses located at the inlet of a reformer in a hydrogen plant failed upon start-up during a turnaround. It was found that these materials were heavily sensitized with embrittling phases present at the austenite grain boundaries. Improper annealing processes at the manufacturing plant likely caused the sensitization of the microstructure.Downstream of the reformers 304L SS tube ends of the boiler feed water (BFW) heat exchanger underwent a failure. The tube to fixed tube sheet seal weld failed as a result of fatigue cracking originating at a lack of weld deposit location. Ensuring a proper weld profile in compliance with the weld procedure would reduce such stress riser concentrations.

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Crack Development in Fatigue Growth Assessment for Pipelines

Product Number: 51317--9402-SG

ISBN: 9402 2017 CP

Author: Kathy Zhang

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Effects of initial crack aspect ratio, pipeline diameter, wall thickness, and loading conditions on the crack shape development were investigated. A new methodology for fatigue crack growth assessment is demonstrated. The study provides a refinement for more accurate prediction of remaining service life for pipelines.

NACE Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance