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Based on alloy development and manufacturer independent supply experience of super duplex steel over a 30 year period the paper considers some of the less well known but recurring problems and the methods used to ameliorate them.
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In this work, the open circuit potential of different stainless steel grades as well as nickel based and copper based alloys has been systematically measured in seawater under different experimental conditions. In particular the effect of temperature, oxygen content and chlorination level have been studied.
A preliminary evaluation of the use of Surface Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to monitor Biofilm. SERS was used to monitor the growth of Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans on UNS S30400 stainless steel samples in-situ from pre-inoculation through the initial hours of growth at 37 °C and atmospheric pressure.
As part of a project to develop a database of seawater corrosion resistance including resistance to microbiologically-influenced corrosion (MIC) seawater, MIC exposure tests of five stainless steel alloys were undertaken for three and six month durations.
Fatigue and fracture performance of UNS N07718 (718) and UNS N07716 (625+) in sour environments over a range of temperatures (300 to 400°F) and chloride concentrations (0.15wt% to 25wt% NaCl). Rising displacement fracture toughness test performed in a range of environments.
Sour service behavior of a 110ksi material was investigated in a range of production environments. Slow strain rate tests were performed at a strain rate of 5ï‚´10-7/s, in sweet as well as in sour production environments. The strain to failure in sweet environments is lower than the in-air values and is substantially lower in the presence of H2S.
A corrosion cracking assessment evaluated a 13Cr-5Ni-2Mo 110 ksi grade martensitic stainless steel as a potential well tubing material for oil and gas production from Gulf of Mexico reservoirs. Also, Stress Corrosion Cracking at low H2S/low temp/high acidity (pH<3.5) was tested by Cyclic Slow Strain Rate.
Multiple leaks occurred with a carbon steel pipe carrying hot condensate water (300F and 140 psi). A root cause analysis was performed, including visual and metallographic examination of two failed samples chemical, analysis of weld metal and base metal and chemical analysis of water samples. Results show that flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) was the responsible mechanism leading to the failures.
This study presents an overview of a number of factors influencing the pitting corrosion of Ti in aggressive environments. Effects of temperature and metal cations on pitting corrosion of Ti.
This paper will detail the environmental cracking test program and results when Alloy UNS S42028 (For applications such as high collapse liners sections in high pressure high temperature (HPHT) reservoirs) was exposed to medium density bromide based clear brine fluids at a temperature of 150oC (302oF).
Fe-Cr-Ni alloys such as alloys 600 625 690 and 800 are used in steam generator tubing of nuclear power reactors. Precipitation of impurities on the steam generator tubing can lead to fouling and formation of deposits yielding a partially occluded metal surface. In this work the crevice corrosion susceptibility of these alloys is analyzed.
Resistance of S30400 and S31600 SSs to chloride-induced crevice corrosion was assessed in a wide range of temperatures and chloride concentrations. Repassivation potential of S30400 SS decreased with increasing chloride & temperatures from 0 to 60ºC, and it a constant value in the range from 60 to 90ºC regardless of chloride.