AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Sustainable Coatings For Above Ground Storage Tanks

Product Number: 51322-18057-SG

Author: M. Gagné, J. Weber

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Controlling corrosion of steel is expensive. The direct costs of corrosion maintenance are estimated to be over 3% of GDP every year.¹ Metallic zinc coatings provide very effective corrosion protection for steel by acting first as a barrier coating, keeping corrosive elements away from the steel, and secondly as a sacrificial anode.² Should the zinc coating be compromised, accidentally by a scratch or on purpose with a drilled hole, the zinc will provide anodic protection to the exposed steel. Metallic zinc coatings can be pure zinc or zinc-based alloys and will be referred to generically as zinc coatings in the paper. Zinc coatings can be efficiently applied by thermal spraying, which involves projecting particles of semi-molten zinc onto the surface of the steel using compressed air. With thermal sprayed zinc (TSZ) coatings, there is no size limitation to the part to be coated, and the technology is fully portable, allowing easy field applications.

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Sustainable Concrete Repairs Using Surface Applied Corrosion Inhibitors

Product Number: 41215-887-SG

Author: Peter K. DeNicola, Dr. Neal S. Berke, Brooks E. Bucher

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

Sustainable concrete repair products can extend the time in between repair cycles and increase the service life of a structure. This will discuss the fact that based on 10+ years of field and laboratory testing, organofunctional silane corrosion inhibitors are effective at corrosion mitigation, thus decreasing the frequency and extent of repairs. Evaluation on new concrete also showed a predicted increase in time to corrosion initiation when compared to untreated reinforced concrete specimens. Modeling results were verified in a 2-year laboratory study.

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Sustainable Corrosion Management for the Electric Power Industry

Product Number: 51317--9438-SG

ISBN: 9438 2017 CP

Author: Gerhardus Koch

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

A system approach for cost-effective corrosion controls by incorporating corrosion management into a company’s existing systems. It will improve communication, resourcing, and funding allocation such that corrosion control investments result in positive returns while minimizing costly failures.

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Swarm S2 - A Wireless, Multi-Channel Ultrasonic Corrosion and Erosion Monitoring Tool

Product Number: 51324-21238-SG

Author: Ali Fatemi

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A new EX certified (explosion proof) ultrasonic monitoring tool for integrity management of onshore assets which are subject to corrosion and erosion is presented in this paper. This tool makes it possible to wirelessly perform monitoring with a battery or solar power driven datalogger unit connected to one or several ultrasonic sensors. With internal processing of data in the datalogger, internal storage and wireless communication, the system provides the end user with real-time wall thickness data with micrometer accuracy. Up-to-date data can be directly sent to the control system for review by the decision makers. The datalogger has a modular design which consists of a main body for processing and storing data, a bottom part for transducer connection and a top part for communication. This gives a wide range of possibilities based on the number and type of transducers required and type of communication preferences. We will present different configurations of this product and will show the results of an installation in field and discuss thickness and wall loss data.

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Swell Behavior Of Elastomers With A Hydrothermal Liquifaction Bio-Crude And A Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

Product Number: 51321-16565-SG

Author: Michael Kass/ Christopher Janke/ Dino Sulejmanovic/ Jiheon Jun/ Gavin Warrington/ James Keiser

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Synchrotron Based X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy Confirms Copper in the Corrosion Products of Metals

Product Number: 51317--9017-SG

ISBN: 9017 2017 CP

Author: Samuel Zelinka

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) maps of corrosion products removed from corroded fasteners that had been in contact with preservative treated wood clearly show the presence of copper and confirm the mechanism of corrosion in treated wood.

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Synergistic Effect of Chloride, Sulfide and Thiosulfate on the SCC Behavior of Carbon Steel Welds Exposed to Concrete Pore Water under Anoxic Conditions

Product Number: 51324-20786-SG

Author: B. Kursten; S. Caes; V. De Souza; R. Gaggiano

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The supercontainer (SC) is the current reference concept for the geological disposal of vitrified high-level nuclear waste and spent fuel in Belgium. It comprises a prefabricated concrete buffer that completely surrounds a carbon steel overpack. Welding is being considered as the final closure technique of the carbon steel overpack in order to ensure its water tightness. Welding is known to induce residual stresses in the weld zone and its vicinity, which may lead to an increased susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). In this study, slow strain rate tests were conducted to study the SCC behavior of plain and welded UNS K02700 grade carbon steel exposed to an artificial concrete pore water solution that is representative for the SC concrete buffer environment. The tests were performed at 140 °C, at a constant strain rate of 5·10-7 s-1 and at open circuit potential under anoxic conditions. The synergistic effect of chloride, sulfide and thiosulfate on the SCC behavior of carbon steel was investigated up to levels of 35,000 mg?L-1 Cl-, 500 mg?L-1 S2- and 600 mg?L-1 S2O32-. In all the tested electrolyte solutions, none of the studied steel configurations, including welded and heat-affected zone materials, were found to be susceptible to SCC.

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Synergistic Effect of Magnetite-Enriched Rust Layer and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria on Pipeline Steel Corrosion in Oilfield Produced Water

Product Number: 51324-20769-SG

Author: Victor Malachy Udowo; Fuchun Liu; Maocheng Yan; Peter C. Okafor

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Research shows that microorganisms play a significant role in corrosion of buried steel pipes. Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), a polymer commonly used to enhance oil recovery (EOR) from reservoirs, has been found to benefit microorganisms as a nutrient source, resulting in severe microbial corrosion of steel in the vicinity. Herein, microbial corrosion behavior of carbon steel was examined under active Fe oxide and inert sand deposits in oilfield water containing HPAM and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The electrochemical results show that corrosion rate of the steel under the Fe oxide deposit was generally higher than that under the sand deposit. The steel under the Fe oxide deposit suffered severe pitting assault with wider and deeper pits of about 32.65 µm. In comparison, corrosion severity decreased in the sand-deposited sample (having a maximum pit depth of 11.22 µm). The results demonstrate a synergistic effect between SRB activities and Fe oxide deposits to exacerbate steel corrosion in the oilfield water containing HPAM gel.

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Synergistic Evaluation of Casing Materials for Cyclic-Temperature Sour Wells

Product Number: 51315-5988-SG

ISBN: 5988 2015 CP

Author: Morgan Allen

Publication Date: 2015

$20.00

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Synthesis of Aminopropyl-modified Silica with Hydrophilic Branches Inhibitor for Corrosion Inhibition

Product Number: 51324-20630-SG

Author: Norah Aljeaban; Ahmed Busaleh; Bader Alharbi; Tawfik A. Saleh

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In some oil and gas production processes, steel with carbon steel is the most often used type in construction of some lines due to its durability, reasonable cost, and readily available. However, carbon steel is prone to corrosion. Corrosion cannot be completely stopped since it tends to turn metal into minerals or oxides, returning it to its original mixed state. Silica-based nanoparticles are commonly used and easily created with good physical-chemical characteristics. They can be altered to have a range of characteristics, including hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Nanosilica-based materials are promising as inhibitors because they have improved qualities to meet the demand for efficient materials. Their surface area can also be easily altered with various functionalities, creating a strong affinity for the metal surface. As an illustration, silanization, which creates the (Si-O-Si) connection, results in a material with strong thermal stability that is an appropriate option for inhibitors. In this work, we synthesized a modified silica-based inhibitor using a thermal treatment procedure. The inhibitor consists of silica nanoparticles grafted with hydrophobic branches and amines; using triethoxysilane (TS), tetraethoxy orthosilicate (TEOS), and 3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS). As the weight loss measurements indicated, the synthesized material showed good corrosion inhibition performance.

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Synthesis of Silane-Modified Nanoparticles-Based Corrosion Inhibitor for Acidic Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-18882-SG

Author: Norah Aljeaban, Bader Alharbi, Ahmed Busaleh, Tawfik A. Saleh

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Acidizing process is generally performed on wells to maximize their initial productivity and on aging wells to restore productivity and maximize the recovery of the energy resources. The process involves pumping acid into a wellbore or geologic formation that is capable of producing oil and/or gas. Well acidizing is accomplished by pumping acid into the well to dissolve limestone, dolomite and calcite cement between the sediment grains of the reservoir rocks.

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Systematic Approach toward Damage Mechanism Reviews and Mechanical Integrity Improvements for Ammonia Synthesis and Fertilizer Facilities

Product Number: 51323-19349-SG

Author: Michael Nugent, Daniel J. Benac, Sean Berg

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The use of Damage Mechanisms (DM’s) has been successfully developed and applied in the Oil Refining
industry for over 20 years. A damage mechanism is a specific combination of mechanical, chemical,
physical, or other processes that result in equipment degradation (piping or equipment) during operation
(active or shut down). These have been defined for Oil Refining (API RP 5711). API RP 571 is
supplemented with some similar and some specific individual damage mechanism, by technical reports, recommended practices, publications, and bulletins from API, as well as from the National Association of
Corrosion Engineers (NACE - now known as the Association for Materials Protection and Performance
or AMPP), and the Welding Research Council (WRC).