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99080 FIRESIDE CARBURIZATION OF STAINLESS STEEL FURNACE TUBES

Picture for 99080 FIRESIDE CARBURIZATION OF STAINLESS STEEL
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Product Number: 51300-99080-SG
ISBN: 99080 1999 CP
Author: Edmundo Miraba, Carlos Molina, Anelsy Mayorga and Jorge L. Hau
Industry: Oil and Gas Production
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Most Heavy Venezuelan crudes are recognized for having a high total acid number (TAN) that is usually associated with a high tendency to produce naphthenic acid corrosion. To resist this type of corrosion in vacuum heaters, 9Cr- 1Mo steel and stainless steels containing molybdenum are usually recommended. In 1993 the original 5Cr- 1/2Mo roof tubes of the iiumace in a vacuum unit were replaced by stainless steel 316Ti to minimize tube replacement and increase heater reliability. Unexpectedly, some of the new tubes failed after only three years of service, and just one year after undergoing the last turnaround inspection. The damage occurred in the form of deep holes and perforations, starting from the outside tube surface on the fireside. Coke build-up occurred due to severe operating conditions, overheating the tubes on the fireside, above 675°C ( 1250°F).
Most Heavy Venezuelan crudes are recognized for having a high total acid number (TAN) that is usually associated with a high tendency to produce naphthenic acid corrosion. To resist this type of corrosion in vacuum heaters, 9Cr- 1Mo steel and stainless steels containing molybdenum are usually recommended. In 1993 the original 5Cr- 1/2Mo roof tubes of the iiumace in a vacuum unit were replaced by stainless steel 316Ti to minimize tube replacement and increase heater reliability. Unexpectedly, some of the new tubes failed after only three years of service, and just one year after undergoing the last turnaround inspection. The damage occurred in the form of deep holes and perforations, starting from the outside tube surface on the fireside. Coke build-up occurred due to severe operating conditions, overheating the tubes on the fireside, above 675°C ( 1250°F).
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