51314-4360-Validation of the activity coefficients for carbonates at various HPHT and TDS conditions

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Product Number: 51314-4360-SG

ISBN: 4360 2014 CP

Author: Paula Guraieb

Publication Date: 2014

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The equilibrium constants and activity coefficients are reasonably well known for most common systems from room temperature to about 100°C and 6000 psia. However the limited knowledge of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of mineral systems under high pressure (24000 psia) high temperature (250°C) and high TDS (360000 mg/L) has presented a huge challenge in deepwater oil and gas production. The lack of data and models for scale at these extreme temperatures and pressures increase the economic safety and risks of offshore production.With the use of a novel apparatus high temperature and pressure solubility experiments were performed to deduce the species activity coefficients needed for the Pitzer model. Preliminary work was done at low temperature and pressure to determine if there is reason to question the reported thermodynamic equilibrium constant values for the carbonate system then extended to high temperature and pressure to determine those parameters.The activity coefficients and the equilibrium constants of these systems at xHTHP will allow for better prediction and prevention of scale formation in deepwater wells.*Funding for the projects is provided through the “Ultra-Deepwater and Unconventional Natural Gas and Other Petroleum Resources Research and Development Program” authorized by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. This program—funded from lease bonuses and royalties paid by industry to produce oil and gas on federal lands—is designed to assess and mitigate risk enhancing the environmental sustainability of oil and gas exploration and production activities. RPSEA is under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory to administer three areas of research. RPSEA is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit consortium with more than 180 members including 24 of the nation's premier research universities five national laboratories other major research institutions large and small energy producers and energy consumers. The mission of RPSEA headquartered in Sugar Land Texas is to provide a stewardship role in ensuring the focused research development and deployment of safe and environmentally responsible technology that can effectively deliver hydrocarbons from domestic resources to the citizens of the United States. Additional information can be found at www.rpsea.org.