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Several Case Studies of Causes and Effects of Cuprosolvency

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This paper explores four cases of cuprosolvency defined as accelerated uniform corrosion of copper plumbing materials. Cuprosolvency goes far beyond blue-tinted water or stained porcelain and often results in severe pipe wall thinning. Its contributory factors differ from those associated with pinhole corrosion and other localized corrosion mechanisms involving copper or its alloys. Multiple water attributes in various and sometimes unexpected combinations were implicated. Modern water treatment practices including operational and design issues introduce avoidable risks for cuprosolvency as discussed in several case studies.Four situations involved very different root causes and impacts: (1) copper pipe wall thinning throughout a university campus due to specific attributes of the municipal water in combination with the university’s operations of hot water recirculating systems; (2) a vacation community’s problem with exceedances of the EPA Action Level for copper in potable water resulting from a transient drop in pH of the source water; (3) periodic cuprosolvency at a large public facility due to a design flaw in their softening system with damaging side effects on galvanized pipe; and (4) newly-imposed copper discharge limits leading a small city’s wastewater plant to look upstream to the city’s industrial and residential users for cuprosolvency effects.

Product Number: 51319-12992-SG
Author: James Datesh
Publication Date: 2019
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$20.00
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Field Testing – The Correlation Between Accelerated Laboratory Tests and Field Testing

Product Number: 51319-13154-SG
Author: Anders W. B. Skilbred
Publication Date: 2019
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All protective coatings are thoroughly tested using accelerated laboratory tests. Accelerated testing has the advantage of providing data and results in a relatively short timeframe and the conditions of testing are pre-defined and controlled throughout the test. However accelerated testing also has disadvantages. Accelerated testing at e.g. tougher environmental conditions or higher temperatures may give different degradation mechanisms than at in service conditions.Field exposures can be used as a supplement to accelerated testing and can be utilized as a verification of the test setup.In this paper results from several atmospheric accelerated laboratory exposure tests for numerous protective coating systems have been compared to results obtained from up to nine years of field exposure testing in a marine environment corresponding to corrosion category C5 according to ISO 12944-2.The comparison shows varying correlation between accelerated laboratory tests and field exposures. This indicates that high performance of a coating system during accelerated laboratory testing is not necessarily predictive for high long term performance under in-service conditions. Potentially causing premature coating failures under in service conditions.The authors therefore propose ailormade test scheme for the various generic coatings and the in-service conditions and for the industry to accept a more holistic view on coating performance.
Picture for Historical Perspective of Corrosion by Potable waters in Building Systems
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Historical Perspective of Corrosion by Potable waters in Building Systems

Product Number: 93509-SG
Author: Arthur Cohen
Publication Date: 1993
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Corrosion can be a costly and annoying concern in a building's potable water

 The forms of corrosion that can occur include:

1) General Corrosion

2) Pitting Attack

3) Concentration Cell Corrosion

4) Dealloying

5) Erosion Corrosion

6) Galvanic Corrosion

These corrosion forms can be avoided by a number of techniques including materials selection, system design and chemical treatment of the water.

Coatings, sometimes in conjunction with cathodic protection, have been used to mitigate the corrosion of storage tanks in building systems, but are not addressed in this paper.
The Evolution of Coatings and Linings in Wastewater Applications
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The Evolution of Coatings and Linings in Wastewater Applications

Product Number: 41205-200-SG
Author: Don Sampson
Publication Date: 2005
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This paper will look at the evolution of coatings and linings in wastewater treatment and what has changed the way we look at protective coatings for concrete substrates.  We will look at the coatings and linings used in the past, those used today, and what will be required in the future. The paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of varying coating types and why they are or are not still in use.
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