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RP0391-1991, Materials for the Handling and Storage of Concentrated (90% to 100%) Sulfuric Acid at Ambient Temperatures

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  • RP0391-1991, Materials for the Handling and Storage of Concentrated (90% to 100%) Sulfuric Acid at Ambient Temperatures
Picture for RP0391-Materials for the Handling and Storage of Concentrated (90% to 100%) Sulfuric Acid at Ambient Temperatures-HD1991
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Information for the design and selection of materials used in the handling and storage of commercial concentrated sulfuric acid up to 120°F (50°C).  Historical Document 1991

Product Number: 53080-HD1991
Author: NACE International
Publication Date: 1991
$179.00
$179.00
$179.00

This recommended practice provides state-of-the-art information for the design and selection of materials used in the handling and storage of commercial concentrated sulfuric acid up to 120°F (50°C). This temperature is approximately the maximum that arises from solar heating of piping or vessels in a tropical climate.

Because a code or standard for handling sulfuric acid does not exist, this recommended practice provides guidelines. Therefore it is primarily informational in certain sections. In other sections, where there is complete agreement among users, it contains recommendations.

This recommended practice is only concerned with problems that arise during product storage. H does not consider acid strengths above 100% or be1ow 90%.

For completeness, this recommended practice includes an appendix describing applicable materials for a storage and dilution system.

This recommended practice was prepared by NACE Task Group T-5A-18, a component of Unit Committee T-5A on Corrosion in Chemical Processes, and is issued by NACE under the auspices of Group Committee T-5 on Corrosion in Process Industries.

These committees are composed of industry representatives from firms producing and using sulfuric acid.

 

1.1 Concentrated sulfuric acid is a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid whose oily appearance suggested the name oleum (Latin for oil) to early chemists. Specifically, it was called oil of vitriol (from the Latin vitreum for glass) because of the glassy appearance of some metallic sulfates. H does not contain free sulfur trioxide. Today, the term "oleum" is used only for sulfuric acid containing free sulfur trioxide.

1.2 The term "concentrated sulfuric acid" broadly refers to the concentration range of 90 to 100%. Commercial acid is usually stored at 93% concentration because its minimum freezing point is -30°F (-34 °C). Sulfuric acid is commonly transported in the 98 to 99.5% concentration range. The latter limit is imposed by the much greater corrosivity of 100% acid to carbon steel and by its higher freezing point of about 45°F (7°C).

1.3 Concentrated sulfuric acid is an oxidizing agent and, because of its affinity for wa!er, it is also a desiccant. The major problems in its handling and storage relate to its hygroscopic nature (absorbing atmospheric humidity), the exothermic reactivity with water on dilution, and velocity effects that tend to accelerate corrosion of iron and lead base alloys.

Historical Document 1991

This recommended practice provides state-of-the-art information for the design and selection of materials used in the handling and storage of commercial concentrated sulfuric acid up to 120°F (50°C). This temperature is approximately the maximum that arises from solar heating of piping or vessels in a tropical climate.

Because a code or standard for handling sulfuric acid does not exist, this recommended practice provides guidelines. Therefore it is primarily informational in certain sections. In other sections, where there is complete agreement among users, it contains recommendations.

This recommended practice is only concerned with problems that arise during product storage. H does not consider acid strengths above 100% or be1ow 90%.

For completeness, this recommended practice includes an appendix describing applicable materials for a storage and dilution system.

This recommended practice was prepared by NACE Task Group T-5A-18, a component of Unit Committee T-5A on Corrosion in Chemical Processes, and is issued by NACE under the auspices of Group Committee T-5 on Corrosion in Process Industries.

These committees are composed of industry representatives from firms producing and using sulfuric acid.

 

1.1 Concentrated sulfuric acid is a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid whose oily appearance suggested the name oleum (Latin for oil) to early chemists. Specifically, it was called oil of vitriol (from the Latin vitreum for glass) because of the glassy appearance of some metallic sulfates. H does not contain free sulfur trioxide. Today, the term "oleum" is used only for sulfuric acid containing free sulfur trioxide.

1.2 The term "concentrated sulfuric acid" broadly refers to the concentration range of 90 to 100%. Commercial acid is usually stored at 93% concentration because its minimum freezing point is -30°F (-34 °C). Sulfuric acid is commonly transported in the 98 to 99.5% concentration range. The latter limit is imposed by the much greater corrosivity of 100% acid to carbon steel and by its higher freezing point of about 45°F (7°C).

1.3 Concentrated sulfuric acid is an oxidizing agent and, because of its affinity for wa!er, it is also a desiccant. The major problems in its handling and storage relate to its hygroscopic nature (absorbing atmospheric humidity), the exothermic reactivity with water on dilution, and velocity effects that tend to accelerate corrosion of iron and lead base alloys.

Historical Document 1991

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