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Concerning corrosion rate under iron sulfide deposits. A laboratory iron sulfide synthesis method and an iron sulfide under-deposit corrosion testing methodology were developed to better assess and monitor this type of corrosion in a simulated pipeline environment.
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Review of relevant solids deposition models available in literature, including the model proposed in NACE SP0208-20081 and presents results from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for heavy and light oil in straight and bent pipelines.
The Wafra Joint Operation (WJO) Oilfield is located in the central-west part of the Kuwait-Saudi Arabia Neutral Zone. The Wafra oilfield reserves were first discovered and wells drilled in 1954. This field produces two types of crude oil, Ratawi (light oil) and Eocene (heavy oil), with average water cut of 8085%. During operation, the production wells produce the oil emulsion through mostly coated flowlines to sub-centres (SC) where the sour oil, water and gas are separated. The facility has two gathering fields; Eocene and Ratawi. Eocene has 2 phase separation, whilst Ratawi has 3 phase separation. The sour gas is either flared or flows to the Main Power Generation Plant, whilst the oil is processed to the Main Gathering Center (MGC). The produced waters (PW) are routed to the Pressure Maintenance Plant (PMP).
Underdeposit corrosion (UDC) has been recognized by the oil and gas industry as a major threat to the integrity matrix of the production and transportation of oil and gas and has frequently been blamed for high corrosion rates and loss of containment during operations.
The content of this NACE International CorrCompilation: Underdeposit Corrosion covers a wide range of topics that were assembled to help the reader better understand and assess UDC threat, determine the corrosion mechanism(s) responsible for the UDC, and adopt the appropriate mitigation strategies to target the active corrosion mechanism(s). The topics include proper identification and characterization of the deposits encountered in oil and gas production and transportation systems; laboratory UDC testing methods to determine responsible UDC corrosion mechanism(s) and evaluate inhibitor performance; UDC threat assessment through modeling and prediction of solids transport and settling; Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA) methods as a means to assess UDC threat; identifying and applying appropriate UDC preventive and mitigative strategies; and finally, case studies to elucidate real examples of how UDC was identified and managed.
2019 NACE E-Book