Products tagged with 'carbon steel (cs)'

View as

Sort by

Display per page

Available for download

Effect of CO in Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Product Number: 51324-20647-SG

Author: Gaoxiang (Garret) Wu; Jose Rafael Vera; Ken Evans; Chong Li; William Kovacs

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of various possible impurities in carbon capture and storage (CCS) streams. As a by-product of the methane reforming process to produce blue hydrogen, CO is combusted and converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) and transported in pipelines. However, a trace amount of CO in the presence of oxygen (O2) and water can cause stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in carbon steel pipelines. This paper assesses the SCC risk of carbon steels induced by CO at different concentrations with or without O2 in lab simulated dense phase CO2 environments. Electrochemical measurements were also conducted to reveal the pseudo-passive behavior of carbon steels in different CO/O2/CO2 systems, and to help understand the resultant SCC behaviors.

Available for download

Inhibiting localized corrosion of carbon steel pipelines in sour service

Product Number: 51323-18833-SG

Author: Anupom Sabhapondit, Aboubakr M Abdullah, Nicholas Laycock, Manoj Gonuguntla, Shimjith Madayi, Tom Bos

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Use of corrosion inhibitors (CI) to protect metallic equipment, especially carbon steel pipelines from corrosion has long been an established, effective, economic, and hence globally accepted technique. The oil and gas industry has been using CIs to protect the pipelines under various exposure conditions including sour and sweet services . Complete understanding of corrosion mechanisms under sour conditions and protecting pipeline steel under such conditions has always been a challenging task due to the complexity of such systems.

Available for download

Wet CO-CO2 Stress Corrosion Cracking in CCS Pipelines

Product Number: 51324-20669-SG

Author: Manoj Gonuguntla; Aruna V T; Johannes Sonke; Guruprasad Sundararajan

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is gaining greater importance in the industry transition to meet climate goals reducing carbon intensity. As the source of CO2 captured for sequestration widens to many more applications from oil and gas productions, power plants, refineries, chemical plants, steel manufacturing and other industries, the composition of the captured gas stream for sequestration sees various components. Some of the common impurities particularly from combustion processes are carbon monoxide, oxygen, SOx, NOx and others. Understanding the effect of presence of the various chemical species on material limits and maximum tolerance limits are crucial for safe operations of the assets. In one of the recent projects, there was a presence of CO in the CO2 stream, and it was imperative to identify the effect of this on the existing carbon steel pipeline. The pipeline was of X65 steel and fabricated for natural gas transmission. Wet CO-CO2 cracking is a reported degradation mode particularly as the CO concentration increases beyond 200 ppm in the gas phase or at partial pressures above 0.3 bar. This study is a combination of literature review of current state of art with respect to CO-CO2 cracking in carbon steel in presence of impurities and laboratory testing of welded X65 specimens exposed to CO concentration in dense (liquid) phase up to 1000 ppm and also in the presence of small concentrations of oxygen that also replicates some of the expected conditions in the project. The tests clearly indicate that the risk of CO-CO2 cracking is not significant up to the concentrations tested.

Products tagged with 'carbon steel (cs)'

Effect of CO in Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Pipelines in CCS Environments

Inhibiting localized corrosion of carbon steel pipelines in sour service

Wet CO-CO2 Stress Corrosion Cracking in CCS Pipelines

Association for Materials Protection and Performance