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Pitting and environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) are a major concern when austenitic CrMn-stainless steels, which are commonly used for non-magnetic drill collars (NMCD), are exposed to high halide-containing drilling fluids. Even though the fast propagation of environmentally assisted cracks can partially be controlled by the introduction of compressive residual stresses, surface treatments are not intended to address localized corrosion resistance. In fact, it has been demonstrated that CrMn-stainless steels become prone to pitting corrosion when exposed to high Cl- streams at elevated temperature, which ultimately can also lead to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when sufficient stresses are present.
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This standard practice provides mitigation methods to protect austenitic stainless steels and other austenitic alloys from polythionic acid (PTA) stress corrosion cracking (SCC) that can occur during a shutdown of refinery equipment. A shutdown includes the actual down time period and the contiguous periods required to shut down and start up the equipment.
Powder metallurgy with hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP), which enables to densify powders in a furnace at high pressure and temperature is a newly developed manufacturing process for pressure retaining part in nuclear industry. It has advantages such as weld free near-net shape products, improved material properties for castings, short process time, saving in raw material costs, etc. EPRI have conducted several tests such as tensile test, impact test, chemical composition analysis on the manufactured samples for pressure retaining applications.