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The monolithic isolation joint is a sealed system, which obscures the individual components inside. How does one perform due diligence on a sealed, discrete system to ensure it will serve well over the asset lifecycle? We will set out a 5 section regimen.
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The influence of anodic current on the corrosion protection conditions of buried steel pipelines at a potential less noble than -0.85 V was evaluated in test cells simulating the pipelines under long-term cathodic protection. Results are discussed.
Inline cathodic protection current mapping is a unique method of assessing a pipeline’s cathodic protection. This is accomplished by measuring the actual current received by the pipeline continuously along the entire pipeline length. Unlike pipe to soil potentials, which can have a great deal of error in them due to forces often beyond our control, the CP mapping tool uses the physical properties of the pipe itself to measure the CP current. The pipe is a very stable part of the circuit, unlike the soil surrounding it.
A corrosion investigation performed in 2018 on an NPS 6, approximately 4 km long, polyethylene coated pipeline determined that the accelerated corrosion anomalies detected during in-line inspections (ILI) were due to AC corrosion. The AC and DC current densities on the AC coupons adjacent to these anomalies were above the limits recommended in NACE SP21424. It was also determined that the line was cathodically over-protected, and that most of the AC voltage measured on the line was due to 120 Hz AC ripple from a foreign rectifier.
Cathodic protection (CP) is used to prevent external corrosion on underground pipelines. The effectiveness of CP is commonly evaluated by measuring the DC potential (voltage) of the pipeline with respect to a reference electrode located on the surface of the earth above the pipeline. Criteria used to interpret pipeline potential measurements are given by Section 6 of NACE SP-0169-2013 “Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.
To categorize the level of corrosion internally in uncoated offshore wind turbine structures a combinationof different online monitoring systems has successfully been utilized combining findings from onlinecorrosion monitoring, continuous water level monitoring and online water quality monitoring.
This paper presents advances in the interpretation of indirect inspection data and selection of ECDA direct examination locations and how the accurate selection of locations most susceptible to external corrosion would improve pipeline integrity.
Pipeline steels higher than API X80 grade ad subject to hydrogen embrittlement risk induced by the hydrogen evolution effect under cathodic protection. This paper focuses on the hydrogen embrittlement behaviors of API X70, X80 and X90 high strength pipeline steel under cathodic protection in soil simulation conditions.
At the request of a fabricator and coater of steel pipe and structural members, the authors undertook an investigation of painted steel piles at a marine commerce terminal in coastal New England. This company was concerned when the owners suspected a potential corrosion problem with the steel piles, and we were asked to perform the investigation. The investigation included a review of relevant engineering specifications and other documents, an on-site field investigation, and laboratory analysis of samples collected.
Steel is a common material for the construction of large infrastructures. It is a main constituent used for building of, offshore drilling platforms, steel cast dock, pipeline in seabed, coastal bridges and ship hulls. Corrosion of offshore structures is a serious matter in terms of degradation and deterioration of these structures in a corrosive electrolyte such as seawater, which could lead to fatigue cracks, brittle failure and unstable failure.
There have been several studies and publications over the past decade that clearly illustrate how initial assumptions about monopile interiors being perfectly sealed compartments were not correct in practice. Oxygen ingress through various points in the monopile contributes to persistent internal corrosion, and planned inspections are also opportunities to introduce fresh oxygen into the monopile. The replenishment of oxygen has been found to continue the corrosion reaction between the monopile wall and entrapped water.