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Picture for 51316-6981-HISCC Resistance and Improvement Methods For Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels
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51316-6981-HISCC Resistance and Improvement Methods For Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels

Product Number: 51316-6981-SG
ISBN: 6981 2016 CP
Author: Glenn Byrne
Publication Date: 2016
$20.00

The paper reviews the history of  Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking  (HISC) failures of duplex and super duplex stainless steels when deployed subsea and subject to CP at potentials around minus 1V.
Picture for Corrosion Management Of Assets Constructed In Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSS)
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51316-6982-Corrosion Management Of Assets Constructed In Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSS)

Product Number: 51316-6982-SG
ISBN: 6982 2016 CP
Author: Glenn Byrne
Publication Date: 2016
$20.00

Based on alloy development and manufacturer independent supply experience of super duplex steel over a 30 year period the paper considers some of the less well known but recurring problems and the methods used to ameliorate them.
Picture for Effects of nitride precipitation in duplex stainless steel
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51318-10512-Effects of nitride precipitation in duplex stainless steel

Product Number: 51318-10512-SG
Author: Marco De Marco / Marco Palombo / Anthony Pianezze / Abderrahmane Taiche / Valentina Spinelli / Marina Delucchi
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

The aim of this paper is to find a correlation between nitride content/distribution and properties of two of the largely adopted Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS), UNS* S32205 and UNS S32750. *Unified Numbering System
Picture for A Recent Case Of Intermetallic Precipitations In Super Duplex
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A Recent Case Of Intermetallic Precipitations In Super Duplex

Product Number: 51322-17627-SG
Author: Henrik Bang, Jakob Mølholm, Kirsten Grønning Sørensen
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Production of oil and gas is well known to cause potential corrosion issues due to the CO2 content in the well stream. Carbon steel is widely used for production facilities as e.g. flowlines and manifolds, however, aging of the reservoir increases the number of corrosive agents, such as e.g. CO2, which are known to cause high corrosion rates in carbon steel. Therefore, carbon steel piping is often being replaced with super duplex stainless steel due to its high strength, excellent toughness and good corrosion resistance. Replacing carbon steel with super duplex has been conducted on several mature offshore oilfields in the European North Sea region.
Picture for Online Seam Treatment of ERW pipes for proper material selection, process control and toughness improvement
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Online Seam Treatment of ERW pipes for proper material selection, process control and toughness improvement

Product Number: MPWT19-14408
Author: C. Cincunegui, M. Coloschi, P. Marino, E. Martínez, and M. Valdez
Publication Date: 2019
$0.00

Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes X60M / X65M API 5L PSL2, with resistance to ductile fracture propagation as per API 5L PSL2 Annex G [1] are achieved not only by setting the proper welding parameters and the steel cleanliness, but also by a combination of metallurgical processes affecting the final weld line and HAZ microstructure. The steel chemistry is the starting point to minimize the presence of inclusions, central segregation and the toughness impairment due to harmful elements, S, P, etc. on the pipe body, with a given casting and rolling technology. During the welding process, the right parameters combination is needed to avoid cold weld, penetrators, and other weld imperfections. At the last stage, the Seam Heat Treatment (SHT) has to be adjusted in a way that the steel response to the thermal cycles leads to the compliance of mechanical requirements at the weld line and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). This heat treatment is performed through electromagnetic induction using several coils, which allows it to have a rapid and localized heating of the HAZ into the austenitic region, and that is followed by air cooling. The objective is to refine the structure and to eliminate brittle constituents around the weld line. As the SHT strongly affects the weld performance, the optimum processing conditions such as austenitization temperature and cooling rate may not be the same for all steel chemistry, and has to be carefully selected. The capability to model the thermal cycle after the ERW process and the understanding of the metallurgical behavior of different steel chemistries and dimensional configuration becomes the main target of any ERW pipe manufacturer aiming supply reliable Line Pipes as per API 5L PSL2 Annex G. In this work, a numerical thermal model of the SHT is presented along with validation and simulation results. A summary of metallurgical thermal cycle simulations by means of a Gleeble® 3500, applied on different steels is also included.
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