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On the Efficiency of Gypsum Scale Inhibition by Phosphonates: The Role of Molecular Architecture

The precipitation of calcium sulphate dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O gypsum) was studied at 25 ° C at constant calcium ion activity. The stability domain of the system and the kinetics of spontaneous precipitation of gypsum from unstable supersaturated solutions was investigated. The rates of precipitation showed parabolic dependence on the relative supersaturation in agreement with literature reports for lower supersaturations and seeded growth. Moreover the kinetics of precipitation of gypsum at sustained calcium ion activity at 25 ° C pH 6.5 were measured in the presence of two phosphonates: benzo (135-triyltrisphosphonic acid (BTP) and 135-triazine triphosphonate (TATPA) over a range of concentrations between 4-16 ppm. The presence of TATPA resulted in significant reduction of the rate of gypsum precipitation which reached total suppression of nucleation and growth at the highest test concentration. BTP showed also inhibition effect which was however lower. The differences in inhibition efficiency are attributed to molecular characteristics including flexibility and hydrogen bonding capacity.

Product Number: 51319-12921-SG
Author: Petros Koutsoukos
Publication Date: 2019
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