Looking at different stainless-steel families, we find lower alloyed ferritic stainless steels, high alloyed
austenitic, and duplex stainless steels. All different grades are used in a wide range of temperatures,
corrosion environments, and applications. The challenge is developing different materials and product
forms in a way that they can outperform their standard property portfolio to increase process efficiency
and equipment lifetime and reduce costs. How is this achievable?

Duplex stainless steels with an austenitic and ferritic phase show excellent corrosion resistance and
double the strength compared to standard austenitic steels, decreasing material costs. Composite and bi-metallic tubes are used where process conditions require properties and cost
evaluations that cannot be met only by one material.

The paper shows successful installations of duplex stainless steels, composite, and bi-metallic tubes in
different industries.