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The construction of the new One World Trade Center (WTC) in New York includes exposed steel members and bolted splice plates. Accordingly, surface preparation and coating system selection for the bolt/washer/nut assemblies for the bolted connections was critical, since the splice plates would be visible. There was little published information on surface preparation and coating requirements for ASTM A 490 black bolts.
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Governments and energy companies are increasingly looking at hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels, and it is considered that without hydrogen the world cannot aim to be a net zero carbon economy by 2050. Consequently, hydrogen is currently enjoying unprecedented political and business momentum, with the number of policies and projects around the world expanding rapidly. Combustion of hydrogen does not produce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, particulates, sulfur oxides or ground level ozone. Thus, hydrogen offers ways to decarbonize a range of sectors, as well as help improve air quality and strengthen energy security.
This paper describes lack-of-fusion-like flaws, which can be formed at weld toes, particularly in pipe butt welds in duplex grades of stainless steel. Some adverse microstructural and geometrical effects associated with those flaws are characterized on actual joints.
It is well known that fall hazards are one of the most common causes of accidents, injuries and death in the workplace including industrial painting projects. Many of these falls occur when using ladders. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for example, in 2009 20% of fatal falls in all workplaces were from ladders. OSHA estimates that there are 24,882 injures, with nearly half of those injuries serious enough to result in lost work time, and 36 fatalities every year.
The Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission (PVSC) in Newark, New Jersey is one of the most extensive modern wastewater facilities in the Eastern United States and is the sixth largest in the country. Established in 1902, PVSC began operating the Newark Bay Treatment Plant in 1924 to mitigate pollution in the Passaic River. The sprawling facility contains miles of access roads, utility tunnels, sewers, storm drains, and process pipes.
Laser cleaning has been an effective tool in manufacturing and industrial applications for over 20 years. Cleaning, as well as cutting and welding, has shown vast improvements in repeatability and precision with the use of laser technology [4]. Previous bonding techniques such as mechanical fixturing and welding can be inconsistent and cause issues like increased structural weight, decreased structural integrity, galvanic corrosion, and many more potential failures [5]. Laser cleaning may propose a viable option for adhering materials to reduce weight and increase repeatability. Welding practices continue to develop to reduce both weld thickness and porosity. Porosity in welds is typically caused from failure to prepare the surface adequately [1]. Failures in both welding applications and adhesive bonding applications can be reduced with the use of laser technology.
Carbon steel pipelines are widely used in the oil and gas industry as a fast and secured means for transportation of hydrocarbons, water and other fluids from their source to the destination. Pipelines are routed through varying environments such as land, sea, deserts, sabkha, marshy areas, which exposes the external surfaces of the pipelines to corrosive environment. These pipelines are often used for transportation of different fluids, which are generally corrosive due to their chemical composition.
Regulations limiting Volatile Organic Content (VOC) have led to increased interest in solvent-free epoxy coatings, but the use of these coatings can give significant performance advantages and not just environmental compliance.
Enbridge is proposing to develop a program that utilizes state-of-the-art technologies and proven inspection methods to prescribe interventions related to external corrosion mitigation using a predictive, integrated approach. This new program embraces complex problems by collecting, analyzing, and integrating environmental, pipeline integrity, and corrosion control data to predict external corrosion risk with sound engineering models (mechanistic, reliability and risk) to anticipate, prevent, and contain unexpected events.
Lead Contractor Letter of Approval Application LPF-2ci for Commercial and Industrial Lead Removal
This presentation will report up-to-date findings of field trials, with a focus on the operational and equipment modifications required to successfully implement waste minimization and stabilization objectives.