AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Formulators in the Field: The Effect of Over-Cure or Under-Cure of Polyclamine Cured Epoxy Linings

Product Number: 41216-993-SG

Author: Mike O’Donoghue, Vijay Datta, Travis Gafka

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

Advanced technology high performance tank linings are often applied by plural spray equipment and occasionally one of the components could be off ratio. Worse still, some well-intentioned field personnel might add more curing agent to speed up the cure, or alter other properties, or may not utilize the entire curing agent portion in a single leg application. This paper investigates the effects of under-cure or over-cure on the performance of two high temperature tank linings by deliberately mis-mixing the two components.

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Fouling, Corrosion, And Wear Protection Of Power Take Off Rods For Wave Energy Conversion - Laser Cladding And Scraping

Product Number: 51322-17891-SG

Author: Johan B. Lindén, Kjell-Åke Andersson, Ross Harnden, Antoine Bonel, Gonçalo Fonseca, Pedro Almeida Vinagre, Emiliano Pinori

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Harvesting ocean energy will play an important role in supplying fossil-free energy for future generations. The oceanic environments around the world are unfortunately of the toughest possible to operate in. Most technologies use a power take-off (PTO) unit with mechanisms that are placed inside protective enclosures or sealed buoys to protect from the harsh environment in seawater. This gives a barrier from the corrosive electrolyte and biological activity that can deteriorate the components. The energy from the oceans in form of relative movements and forces are transferred to the PTOs with help from complex dynamic sealing systems.

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Foundation for Strong Performance

Product Number: 51220-289-SG

Author: Stephen Streich

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

This paper explores the process of repairing and preparing concrete substrates for application of protective sealers, coatings, or linings. It will present the road map, provided in SSPC SP 13 / NACE 6, “Surface Preparation of Concrete” to attain long term barrier protection performance. It will present the means and methods to achieve a concrete surface suitable for sealer, coating, or lining application.

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Fracture Failure Analysis of Type HL Sucker Rod in H2S-CO2 Environment

Product Number: 51320-14649-SG

Author: Jiangjiang Zhang, Zhiwen Yang, Wenguang Zeng, Dapeng Li, Yujie Guo, Xiuyun Wang, Qiuying Gao, Lei Zhang

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Recently, there have been several cracking failures of type HL carbon steel sucker rods with evidence of fatigue striation. In order to find out the reason for the fracture failure, the fracture morphology, material properties, loading and corrosion product of the failed type HL 35CrMoA sucker rod were analyzed, combined with the corrosion environment. The results show that the material properties of the failed 35CrMoA sucker rod meet the GB/T 26075-2010 standard requirements. Also the result of loading analysis shows that the loading is far from the fatigue limit stress. The type HL sucker rod’s yield strength is almost 1049 MPa and hardness is 35.2 HRC. In addition, the low in-situ pH and high H2S-CO2 partial pressure places the sucker rods in the Region 3 of sulfide stress corrosion cracking, which means the quenched and tempered sucker rod’s yield strength should not exceed 863 MPa and hardness should not exceed 30 HRC, according to the ISO 15156-2:2015 standard. It is concluded that the high hardness level of the type HL sucker rod led to sulfide stress corrosion cracking in the high H2S-CO2 partial pressure and low in-situ pH condition.

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Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Precipitation Hardened Nickel Alloys Under Cathodic Polarization Environments

Product Number: 51319-12849-SG

Author: Elizabeth Trillo

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

There is a significant use of Nickel based alloys in the oil and gas industry for high strength / high corrosion resistance applications yet there has been a lack of understanding of fracture toughness of these Ni alloys under seawater / Cathodic Protection (CP) environments. Furthermore this class of alloys has demonstrated a weakness following high profile failures where the failing mechanism identified was Hydrogen Assisted Cracking (HAC). This study examines several Precipitation Hardened (PH) Nickel alloys by the J-R Curve method (ASTM E1820) using side-grooved single edged notched bend (SENB) fatigue pre-cracked test samples in a simulated seawater environment under CP. The Ni alloys evaluated a good representation of those associated with the in-service failures reported in the past were UNS N07718 UNS N07716 and UNS N07725 together with other alloys more recently developed such as UNS N09945 and UNS N09955.The materials were tested in a 3.5%NaCl solution with applied potentials of -1.1V and -1.4V vs SCE at room temperature at a loading rate of 0.005 Nmm-3/2. The overall response of the alloys in laboratory air was elastic-plastic in nature while the behavior in environment shifted towards a linear-elastic response most likely associated with the embrittlement caused by the hydrogen adsorbed during CP. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to obtain insights on the fracture morphologies. Amongst the alloys tested UNS N07718 showed the least reduction in fracture toughness in the environment in relation to air while alloy UNS N07716 showed the most susceptibility to the environment with the lowest performance.Key words: Ni Alloys Fracture Toughness J-R Curve Method CP environment seawater.

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Fracture Toughness of 41XX Cr-Mo Steel, Super Martensitic Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy in High Pressure Hydrogen Environment

Product Number: 51324-21083-SG

Author: Karthik Krishnan; Shashwat Shukla; Arpana Verma

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Hydrogen is considered one of the options to be used as alternate fuel source to reduce carbon emissions. Towards this there is growing interest in using underground storage for hydrogen gas (H2) which can be stored in larger volumes, higher pressure than surface storage options would allow for. While underground well storage of natural gas is widely understood; there is far less experience in storing H2 only or H2 in blend with natural gas. An area of knowledge gap is the compatibility of metallic materials that need to be used for well construction for underground storage as the assessment of risk for Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) would need to be addressed. In this work, some of the common materials used in well construction for various oil and gas wells, i.e., high strength quenched and tempered 41XX type Cr-Mo steel, Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (Super 13Cr) and Age Hardenable Nickel alloy grade Alloy 925 (UNS N09925) all with similar yield strength levels have been assessed for compatibility with high pressure H2 gas. Evaluation was mainly performed via Fracture Toughness testing in both inert and high pressure H2 gas environment per ASTM E1820.1 Details of this assessment and post testing evaluation of the specimens will be provided in this paper.

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Fracture Toughness of Wrought Copper Beryllium Alloy in Seawater with Cathodic Protection Condition for Subsea Applications

Product Number: 51319-13010-SG

Author: Arshad Bajvani Gavanluei

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Copper alloys are used in many seawater applications due to their environmentally assisted cracking general corrosion pitting and crevice corrosion resistance as well as their anti-fouling properties. Age hardenable copper alloys such as copper-beryllium (Cu-Be) are used in subsea applications for split-lock rings and trunnions due to excellent galling resistance as it provides low coefficient of friction. Age hardening response of the alloy depends on the amount of cold work prior to heat treatment as well as heat treatment time and temperature. Precipitates and their size and distribution govern the mechanical properties of the alloy.Due to criticality of subsea designs and significant consequence of offshore failures advanced design assessment and verification analysis is required. One of the material properties used for design verification analysis is Fracture Toughness (FT); in some applications it is required that the service environment degradation effect be considered in obtaining material properties.In this work FT of a specifically prepared Cu-Be alloy was measured in air and in seawater with cathodic protection condition. The effect of loading rate on the cracking resistance of the material was determined initially and then three FT tests at the proper loading rate were performed using compact tension test specimens. It was found that loading rate does not play a significant role in FT values and environmental FT is comparable to its in-air values indicating the alloy’s resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. Scanning electron microscopy studies revealed ductile features with facets of transgranular cracking on the fracture surface.

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Fracture Toughness Testing Methods in H2S Containing Environment for Metallic Materials

Product Number: 51317--8930-SG

ISBN: 8930 2017 CP

Author: Arshad Bajvani Gavanluei

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Available fracture toughness (FT) test methodologies are reviewed in this publication to compare their details.

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French Link Renovation

Product Number: 41208-420-SG

Author: B. Gunar Gruenke

Publication Date: 2008

$20.00

Formerly a hot-spot destination for well-known figures such as U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Joe Louis, and Al Capone, French Lick Springs Resort in Indiana was in recent need of some reviving. This historic hotel appointed Conrad Schmitt Studios to initiate a restorative transformation including decorative treatments such as metal leaf applications and murals. The resurrection of the grand, historic French Lick Springs Resort is enhanced with a new casino. Now that the restoration is complete, the drawing power of French Lick Springs Resort is on the rise again.

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Frequency Analysis Provides Insights During Close Interval Surveys

Product Number: 51322-18147-SG

Author: Elizabeth Nicholson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Close Interval Surveys (CIS) are frequently performed on pipelines to measure the pipe to soil potential. While the instrument is connected to the pipe it is possible to obtain additional types of readings that can be analyzed to provide further information. Many modern electronic instruments are capable of functioning as oscilloscopes in addition to obtaining synchronized CIS readings. The information captured by the oscilloscope function provides a waveform for further analysis. The waveform is captured as a raw, unfiltered signal with at least 2000 data points per second for the duration of the interruption cycle or longer.

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Friction Reduction Coatings For Carbonate Scale Mitigation: A Comparison Of Materials Technologies

Product Number: 51321-16533-SG

Author: Manuel Marya/ Virendra Singh/ Alireza Zolfaghari/ Vipul Shinde

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Friction Stir Welding – An Advanced Approach To Repair Nuclear Power Plant Components

Product Number: ED22-17314-SG

Author: W.Tang, M.Gussev, X.Chen, T.M Rosseel

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The harsh environment such as elevated temperature, radiation, elevated pressure, and potentially corrosive in nuclear reactors compromises material performance. Over time, repair and/or replacement through welding is needed for damaged parts and components. Thus, repair welding is essential to ensure the long-term viability, competitiveness, and safe lifetime extensions of the existing US reactor fleet.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance