AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Factors Influencing Anchor Profile

Product Number: 41207-313-SG

Author: Ken Barnett, Richard A. Burgess

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Anchor profile achieved during field blast cleaning operations is often found to be deeper than expected, even when available information suggests the size of the abrasive selected was appropriate. Three parameters long identified as influencing anchor profile depth were evaluated under laboratory conditions.

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Factors Influencing Droplet Corrosion in Dense Phase CO2

Product Number: 51319-13017-SG

Author: Ralph Baessler

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Recent studies have shown that even at a very low concentration of impurities (less than 100 ppmv of SO2 NO2 O2 and H2O) the droplet formation and condensation of sulfuric and nitric acids in dense phase CO2 are possible and observable. To reveal the mechanism of droplet corrosion in dense CO2 at high pressure and low temperature further studies on factors that affect wettability and resulting corrosion behaviors of transport pipeline steels are needed.In this work carbon steels (X52 X70) martensitic steel UNSS41500 and superaustenite UNS08031 were examined not only in static but also dynamic CO2 stream with either oxidizing (SO2 NO2 O2) or reducing (H2S and H2) impurities. Exposure tests with and without CO2 saturated water droplets were performed at both low temperature (278 K) and high temperature (313 K) at high pressure where CO2 is supercritical or in dense phase. To reveal the effects of surface morphology carbon steel coupons with different surface roughness were prepared not only to measure the wettability by contact angle but also to expose to CO2 stream containing oxidizing/reducing impurities to observe the condensation and possible droplet corrosion that followed. Two-week exposed coupons showed no condensation at 313 K 10 MPa and 50 ppmv H2O indicating the important role of temperature on the possibility of condensation regardless the type of impurities and flow rate. At 278 K the result from exposure tests signified the role of oxidizing impurities on the condensation and the droplet corrosion that followed. Although different surface roughness resulted in different wetting behaviors and therefore the measured contact angles it did not significantly influence the corrosion process upon long time exposure. This is attributed to the change of wetting behavior due to corrosion products that covered the carbon steel surface during exposure test.

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Factors Influencing Early Crack Development in Marine Cargo and ballast Tank Coatings

Product Number: 41206-265-SG

Author: George Mills, Bell Buckle, Johnny Eliasson

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Stress development in epoxy coatings applied in water ballast tanks (WBT) on ships can lead to cracking, corrosion, and failure of ship’s hulls, with catastrophic consequences to the environment as well as loss of seamen at sea. Typically, these cracks do not appear during application and curing of the coating but after some finite time of service. The financial wellbeing of the ship’s owner can suffer greatly. To avoid such cracking, it is critical to have a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms and primary controlling factors behind the coating cracks.

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Factors Influencing the Stay-Clean Properties and Service Life of New Fluoropolymer Coatings

Product Number: 41212-721-SG

Author: Kurt Wood

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

Highly durable fluoropolymer coatings also generally have very good “stay-clean” properties. For this class of coatings, many of the factors contributing to stay-clean properties and exterior durability are linked. We will review these factors and examine particularly their role in affecting the properties of coatings based on the new waterborne fluoropolymer-acrylic hybrid technology. Using these principles, realistic estimates of the service life of these premium coatings can be determined.

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Product Number: 51323-19420-SG

Author: Sudharsanan Soundararajan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

A Sulfuric Acid Alkylation [SAA] unit in a refinery converts olefins and butane to high octane alkylate using highly concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The function of this Sulfuric Acid Regeneration [SAR] unit is to regenerate spent sulfuric acid from alkylation process into clean sulfuric acid of 99.2% concentration, which is then recycled back into the SAA unit. The process of SAR can be classified in to following four steps:

• Formation of SO2 by the decomposition of Spent acid and combustion of H2S.
• Cooling and Purification of the SO2
• Conversion of SO2 to SO3
• Absorption of SO2 in H2SO4

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Failure Analysis Of Hydrotested 12-Inch Type 304 SS Pipe Sections

Product Number: 51322-17852-SG

Author: Sudhakar Mahajanam, Chris Miller, Cody Robinson, Scott Harding, Amilcar Oberto

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Pre-commissioning hydrostatic testing of pipelines and the resulting corrosion (MIC) issues are often linked to test water quality, as well as post-test cleaning operations. In a 1998 study, it was reported that localized corrosion (pitting/crevice corrosion) accounted for 20% of failures in the chemical process industry with an estimated one half of those being MIC failures. Identification of MIC failures is not straightforward. Common characteristic features such as pit clustering, “tunneling” of pits, tuberculation, high microbiological counts, presence of sulfides (in the case of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB)) and preferential weld attack have been used to anecdotally pinpoint field failures towards MIC.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance