AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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Characterization Of Materials Showing Large Differences In IASCC Response

Product Number: ED22-18360-SG

Author: Anders Jenssen, Daniel Jädernäs, Peter Chou, Kristina Lindgren, Mattias Thuvander

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is a term used to describe cracking of austenitic materials in components subjected to a relatively high fast neutron flux. Like intergranular stress corrosion Paper No.18360 cracking (IGSCC), IASCC appears as intergranular cracks, but thermal sensitization of the grain boundaries is not required for the material to become susceptible to cracking. Service failures caused by IASCC have occurred in components such as core shrouds and top guides in boiling water reactors (BWRs) and baffle bolts in pressurized water reactors (PWRs).

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Characterization of Metal Dusting Corrosion of Ni-Based Alloy NiCr30Al2 and its Weldment under High Pressure Condition

Product Number: 51319-13258-SG

Author: Bingtao Li

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Metal dusting is a severe failure mechanism of metallic materials when expose to industrial process environments containing high carbon activity. There have been many studies on the metal dusting behavior of alloys in 1 atm environments. Very recent laboratory-scale studies conducted at DECHEMA have shown that alloys are apt to undergo significantly higher metal dusting attack under high-pressure conditions. The current study analyzes the metal dusting behavior of Ni-based alloy NiCr30Al2 tested under 19 bar total pressure at 620 °C. Of particular interest is the mechanism by which a higher pressures favors the initiation of dusting attack. It will also be shown that the surface as welded of the alloy is more prone to dusting attack than the surface of the as-processed wrought alloy and the ground weldment.

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Characterization of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Potential in Nitrate Injected Produced Waters

Product Number: 51319-13198-SG

Author: Mohita Sharma

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Microorganisms are notorious for being involved in serious metal infrastructure damage popularly known as microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Long term corrosion incubations (~2 years) with carbon steel (CS) beads were established using produced water collected from a Canadian oilfield where nitrate was routinely used for souring mitigation.Experiments were set up under methanogenic sulfate-reducing and nitrate-reducing conditions to stimulate electrical MIC (EMIC) with iron present as the sole electron donor.Microbial community analysis chemical measurements metal weight loss and surface analysis were conducted to assess EMIC under these different conditions. After 2 years incubations in the nitrate-reducing environment did not show surface damage to the carbon steel beads nor substantial weight loss (2-3%). However incubations in the sulfate-reducing environment showed 10-16% weight loss with severe pitting on the CS beads and community sequencing revealed the predominance of known acid producers (MesotogaandAcetobacterium) and methanogens (Methanosaeta). Incubations in the methanogenic environment showed comparatively less weight loss (2-6%) though surface analysis revealed an abundance of pinhole-like pits; microbial communities were dominated by putative syntrophs (PetrimonasandPseudomonas) and a known methanogen(Methanosaeta). In addition to the establishment of new EMIC enrichment cultures this study demonstrated that the localized effect of MIC cannot be accurately assessed solely using weight loss corrosion assays but additionally requires microscopic and surface studies along with an understanding of the microbial community composition.

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Characterization Of Newly Developed High Interstitial Non-Magnetic Stainless Steels For Oil And Gas Applications.

Product Number: 51321-16706-SG

Author: Clara Herrera; Merlin Seifert; Philipp Niederhofer

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Characterization of Novel High Performance Material UNS N08034

Product Number: 51319-13156-SG

Author: Helena Alves

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

The changing material demands in the chemical processing and related industries calls for new and more performing materials. UNS N08034 is a new super-austenitic stainless steel alloyed with about 27 % chromium and 6.5 %-molybdenum. Further it has an intended addition of nitrogen for austenite stability and strength. The aim of this work is to present a comprehensive characterization of this material which is the best in class in the corresponding alloy group and therefore of high interest for applications in severe corrosive environments of the process industry. Along with the main material properties such as chemical composition microstructure mechanical properties thermal stability corrosion resistance and fabricability several examples of application will be described. To approach the influence of fabrication on the material properties base materials studies are exemplarily complemented with results from welded and from cladded samples.Key words: UNS N08034 2.4692 UNS N08031 NiCrMoFe alloy 6-Mo steel mechanical properties corrosion resistance fabricability sensitization weldments cladding

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Characterization of Oxide Scales Formed on Fe-20Cr-(20-25)Ni Alloys in Supercritical CO2

Product Number: 51324-21218-SG

Author: B. A. Pint; Y.-F. Su; R. Pillai

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) has attractive aspects as a working fluid, however, above ~550°C it carburizes conventional Fe-based alloys. Evaluations of Fe-based alloys found that advanced austenitic alloys like alloy S31025 with higher Cr and Ni contents have better sCO2 compatibility than conventional stainless steels at 650°C in sCO2 for up to 2000 h exposures. To further understand the protective scale formed on alloy S31025 in 300 bar research grade sCO2 at 650°C, the thin Cr-rich scale was analyzed after 500 h using analytical transmission electron microscopy and compared to scales formed on model Fe-20Cr-20Ni and Fe-20Cr-25Ni. Typical Mn and Si rich layers were observed but a recurring observation was an O depleted region in the scales. Characterization identified a mixed O-C phase with Cr and Fe within the scale formed on both commercial and model alloys. This phase did not form after a similar 500 h exposure at 650°C in 1 bar CO2.

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Characterization of Stress-Corrosion-Cracking in Plutonium-Bearing Storage Containers

Product Number: 51324-20845-SG

Author: Emmanuel Perez; Roderick E. Fuentes; Michael J. Martínez-Rodríguez; Henry Ajo

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The Integrated Surveillance Program, under the Department of Energy, is responsible for the periodic surveillance of storage containers containing plutonium-bearing materials. The container-package consist of a stainless-steel three-layered structure with a convenience can that confines the material, and seal-welded inner and outer cans designed to isolate the materials for up to 50 years with minimal surveillance. The inner-can represents the first layer of material containment, and it should not be breached. During monitoring, corrosion-pitting and suspected stress-corrosion-cracking (SCC) has been identified in some of the inner cans near the weld regions due to the transport of chloride salts and water impurities into the space between the convenience can and the inner can. SCC through wall penetration would result in an undesired increased risk of leakage. An investigation is in progress to identify and characterize corrosion events in the inner-cans to determine the prevalence of corrosion features and the likelihood of a through-wall breach. This document presents a specimen where significant pitting corrosion and cracking was observed in and near the heat affected zone between the can and the lid. Characterization was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and 3D-tomography. Tomography was carried out using a Focused Ion Beam (FIB) to mill into the surface of the specimen to map the subsurface topographies of pits and cracks. The study revealed the crack depth and secondary cracks that developed from cracks observed at the surface.

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Characterization of Sulfur-assisted Degradation in Alloy 800

Product Number: 51319-13489-SG

Author: Suraj Persaud

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Crack initiation testing was performed on Alloy 800 (Fe-33Ni-21Cr) blunt-notched tensile specimens exposed to 0.5 mol/kg sulfate solutions at 280 °C with pH(280°C) 3. These conditions were anticipated to produce a variety of sulfur-assisted degradation phenomena in Alloy 800 for the purpose of analytical TEM characterization. Initial imaging of the notch of Alloy 800 tensile specimens revealed a combination of environmentally-assisted cracking (EAC) intergranular corrosion (IGC) and pitting corrosion occurring up to approximately 50 μm in depth. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) of EAC revealed a mixture ofTiandCr-rich oxides witha sulfur layer at the oxide-metal interface either incorporated in the oxide or as a sulfide compound associated with Ti.EELS and EDX characterization of pitting corrosion indicated only minor oxide formation at the pit-metal interface withclear identification of a nano-scale sulfur layer at the pit-metal interface accompanied by a relatively low concentration of oxygen and major alloying elements. The sulfur layer could indicate adsorption of sulfur on the bare metal with near complete surface coverage during pitting which effectively limits lateral oxide growth and accelerates metal dissolution in the underlying region. Further details on the mechanistic interpretation of results will be discussed.

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Characterization Of The Surface Chemistry At Corroded And Non-Corroded Sites On Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 Samples Exposed At Coastal Locations

Product Number: 51322-17642-SG

Author: Douglas C. Hansen, David Borth, Farrah Cole

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Knowledge of the localized corrosion environment on a metal substrate can provide the critical link between atmospheric data and corrosion morphology and can enable the formation of a framework to predict service life as a function of environment. Over the last few decades the analytical characterization of bare metal surfaces undergoing atmospheric corrosion has improved, resulting in a more complete understanding and consideration of the environmental parameters involved. However, the corrosion processes and the role that the environmental parameters play in what is a multiphase system is rather complex involving chemical reactions and equilibria, ionic transport phenomena, and gaseous, aqueous and solid phases.

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Characterization of the Surface Mechanical properties of Paints and Polymeric Surface Coatings

Product Number: 41209-502-SG

Author: Nicholas X. Randall

Publication Date: 2009

$20.00

The mechanical properties of polymeric coatings are often overlooked because researchers are not aware of how modern instrumentation can now aid them in understanding how a particular product may survive in service conditions. In many applications the two main considerations are aesthetics and durability, both of which can be directly related to the mechanical properties of the base material.

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Characterization of the Surface Mechanical Properties of Paints and Polymeric Surface Coatings

Product Number: 41206-280-SG

Author: Nicholas X. Randall

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

The mechanical properties of polymeric coatings are often overlooked because researchers are not aware of how modern instrumentation can now aid them in understanding how a particular product may survive in service conditions. In many applications the two main considerations are aesthetics and durability, both of which can be directly related to the mechanical properties of the base material.

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Characterizing Bulk Porosity of CBPC Coating in Aggressive Bridge Exposure

Product Number: 51217-071-SG

Author: Ahsan Sabbir, Saiada Fuadi Fancy, Kingsley Lau

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

The bulk characteristics of Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramic (CBPC) coating was investigated for marine bridge application in alternate wet and dry exposure. Assessment of possible bulk coating degradation was made by physical testing, Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) and electrochemical techniques. The bulk coating material was observed to become chalky and in some cases form cracks when exposed to alternate wet and dry conditions. Cohesive strength appeared to degrade.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance