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Improved Methodology To Identify The Location Of A Stuck Pig Using Large Standoff Magnetometry Technology

Picture for Improved Methodology To Identify The Location Of A Stuck Pig Using Large Standoff Magnetometry Technology
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Product Number: 51321-16908-SG
Author: V. Shankar; E. Pozniak; C. Onuoha; S. McDonnell; J. Spenst; T. Bumby
Publication Date: 2021
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$20.00
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Pipeline operators regularly run pigs for various applications, such as cleaning, batching, and integrity inspections. These runs are often completed without the aid of transmitters or pig tracking, making it
difficult and problematic to pinpoint the location of a pig if it happens to get stuck in the pipeline.
This paper will discuss recent research and advancements in locating stuck pigs using a non-intrusive
technique with a technology known as large standoff magnetometry (LSM). Additionally, the influence that operational and pipeline conditions, operating factors, and technical calculations have on the process will be deliberated; likewise, the collection and analysis method, and future developments will be presented. Finally, a case study from a recent project will present the cost-effectiveness, process efficiency, operating procedures, and reduced environmental impact of the LSM technique when compared to standard methods of identifying the location of a stuck pig.

Pipeline operators regularly run pigs for various applications, such as cleaning, batching, and integrity inspections. These runs are often completed without the aid of transmitters or pig tracking, making it
difficult and problematic to pinpoint the location of a pig if it happens to get stuck in the pipeline.
This paper will discuss recent research and advancements in locating stuck pigs using a non-intrusive
technique with a technology known as large standoff magnetometry (LSM). Additionally, the influence that operational and pipeline conditions, operating factors, and technical calculations have on the process will be deliberated; likewise, the collection and analysis method, and future developments will be presented. Finally, a case study from a recent project will present the cost-effectiveness, process efficiency, operating procedures, and reduced environmental impact of the LSM technique when compared to standard methods of identifying the location of a stuck pig.

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Use of Large Standoff Magnetometry in Pipeline Integrity Investigations

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Large standoff magnetometry (LSM), a novel screening technology, has shown strong industry relevance in several pipeline integrity investigations. LSM is used to detect changes in the magnetic field of a pipeline due to changes in the magnetic susceptibility of steel. These changes are known as inverse magnetostriction (a.k.a. the Villari effect) and occur when a ferromagnetic material (steel) is subjected to mechanical stress, such as the presence of stress on the wall of a pipeline. Geometric anomalies (ovalities, dents, wrinkles), hoop stress, ground and slope movement, bend strain, thermal expansion, cracks, and material defects are examples of potential sources of stress that LSM can detect from aboveground.  

This paper summarizes the use of LSM as a complimentary tool in several pipeline integrity assessments conducted on oil and gas pipelines, in this case, to pinpoint a lost inline inspection pig and to identify dents, cracks, buckles, slope movement, casing ends, unknown valve locations and other pipeline integrity and direct assessment applications. Ongoing development programs and lessons learnt from practical, real-life projects and validations of the technology are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of LSM for pipeline integrity investigations. 
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