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Electrochemical Behavior Of Transmission Pipeline Steels In Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

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High-pressure steel pipeline is a common, cost-effective method for transporting CO2 from its point of capture to storage sites1. In pipeline transport systems, CO2 is mostly transported in its liquid or supercritical phase, depending on the operating pressure2,3, which requires compression of CO2 gas to a pressure above 80 bar (Figure 1) and avoid a two-phase flow regime in the steel pipelines. In the USA, the longest CO2 pipelines, which transport more than 40 MtCO2 per year from production point to sites in Texas, where the CO2 is used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), operate in the “dense phase” mode and at ambient temperature and high pressure.

Product Number: 51322-17592-SG
Author: Zineb Belarbi, Lucas Teeter, Richard E. Chinn, Margaret Ziomek- Moroz, Ömer N. Doğan
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings
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Pipeline transportation systems are the most cost-effective method to transport liquid or supercritical CO2 from points of capture to sites where it will be permanently stored or used for industrial purposes. Many factors complicate designing an efficient CO2 transmission pipeline and selecting materials. These factors include gas chemistry and impurities (O2, H2O, H2S), pressure, and velocity. The presence of impurities in supercritical CO2 can promote steel corrosion. The objective of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of three pipeline steels (X56, X65, and X100) exposed to dense-phase CO2 at 100 bar CO2 partial pressure and 30 °C. The corrosion performance of each steel was evaluated in a CO2 saturated water phase and dense-phase CO2 utilizing an immersion autoclave. The weight loss method was used to investigate the corrosion performance of the pipeline steels in dense-phase CO2. Post-corrosion surface characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The data obtained show that each steel’s corrosion degradation is more dominant in the CO2 saturated water phase compared to dense-phase CO2.

Pipeline transportation systems are the most cost-effective method to transport liquid or supercritical CO2 from points of capture to sites where it will be permanently stored or used for industrial purposes. Many factors complicate designing an efficient CO2 transmission pipeline and selecting materials. These factors include gas chemistry and impurities (O2, H2O, H2S), pressure, and velocity. The presence of impurities in supercritical CO2 can promote steel corrosion. The objective of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of three pipeline steels (X56, X65, and X100) exposed to dense-phase CO2 at 100 bar CO2 partial pressure and 30 °C. The corrosion performance of each steel was evaluated in a CO2 saturated water phase and dense-phase CO2 utilizing an immersion autoclave. The weight loss method was used to investigate the corrosion performance of the pipeline steels in dense-phase CO2. Post-corrosion surface characterization was performed by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The data obtained show that each steel’s corrosion degradation is more dominant in the CO2 saturated water phase compared to dense-phase CO2.

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Picture for Corrosion Assessment of Pipeline Steels in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Stream
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51316-7223-Corrosion Assessment of Pipeline Steels in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Stream

Product Number: 51316-7223-SG
ISBN: 7223 2016 CP
Author: Yimin Zeng
Publication Date: 2016
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Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). The CO2 stream, captured from power plants contains highly corrosive impurities including H2O vapor, oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide. This paper presents our study on corrosion of pipeline steel in sc-CO2 containing H2O, H2S and/or O2 impurities in an autoclave.
Picture for Guidance for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control in CO2 Transport and Injection for Carbon Capture and Storage
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Guidance for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control in CO2 Transport and Injection for Carbon Capture and Storage

Product Number: 51322-17726-SG
Author: J. Sonke, S.J. Paterson
Publication Date: 2022
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The aim of this work is to identify an approach to materials selection and corrosion control that can address the specific requirements of a Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project. This work is largely based on the accumulated knowledge and expertise that has been published. Besides the direct guidance from this document, specific topics may require more detail that can be found in the references.
Electrochemical and Morphological Investigation of Corrosion Behavior of C1018 in a Subcritical and Supercritical CO2 Environment with Presence of H2S
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Electrochemical And Morphological Investigation Of Corrosion Behavior Of Carbon Steel In A Supercritical CO2 Environment With Presence Of H2S.

Product Number: 51322-18005-SG
Author: Yuan Ding, Chin-Hua “Jim” Cheng, Raymundo Case
Publication Date: 2022
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Supercritical CO2 storage has been gaining more attention due to its wider application. It is one of the desirable solutions for reducing CO2 emission, which is an important contributor to the global climate crisis. In other cases, some of the early applications were focused on the oil and gas industry, by using supercritical CO2 to sequence the mature wells for better production [1],[2]. In those environments, C1018 carbon steel was extensively used, due to its good balance of toughness, strength, and ductility as well as its excellent weldability. 
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